Abstract
Burkholderia glumae, before mid-2018, is categorized as plant quarantine pest A2 Group 1 that its existence has been detected in Indonesia. B. glumae has been known to spread in the central production of rice in Java, Sumatra, Borneo dan Sulawesi. This review aimed to explain the strategies for B. glumae detection through its characteristics and to prevent the divergence of this bacterium in Indonesia. The previous studies reported that the bacteria could reduce yield up to 75% and caused the decrease of weight-grain or the increase of empty grain. The disease intensity is affected by environmental and physiological factors such as warm temperature at nighttime and high rainfall intensity. The optimum temperature for the development of the disease is 30–35°C. Moreover, the pathogen could survive at a temperature of 41°C. The tropical area of 32-36°C are suitable for B. glumae. Recently, the effective control of the disease in the field has not been found yet. Meanwhile, early detection of the disease is not yet determined, even though it is necessary to prevent its spread in rice cultivation in Indonesia. Detection of the disease by Agricultural Quarantine Agency as a frontline is needed to check the entry of the disease carried by the import activities of the seed. Detection in the suspected field by protection institutes through frequent surveillance in central production areas of rice should be considered as an important task.. The effective techniques to prevent B. glumae are the use of resistant varieties, the practice of seed treatments (using antibacterial, bactericide, heat treatment or plant extract), and the application of oxolinic acid to the crops.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
B. glumae grain rot can reduce rice yield by up to 75%.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- Burkholderia glumae
Burkholderia glumaet0pathogen - Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Value
- 75%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The previous studies reported that the bacteria could reduce yield up to 75%”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
B. glumae causes decreased grain weight in rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight-graine0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“caused the decrease of weight-grain”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
B. glumae causes an increase in empty grain in rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- empty graine0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase of empty grain”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Warm nights and high rainfall affect grain rot intensity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- warm temperature at nighttime and high rainfall intensitye0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease intensitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease intensity is affected by environmental and physiological factors such as warm temperature at nighttime and high rainfall intensity.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum temperature for disease development is 30–35°C.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- development of the diseasee0
- Value
- 30–35°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum temperature for the development of the disease is 30–35°C.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
B. glumae can survive at 41°C.
- Taxon
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0
- Outcome
- survivee0
- Value
- 41°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pathogen could survive at a temperature of 41°C”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report that effective field control has not been found.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- effective control of the diseasee0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effective control of the disease in the field has not been found yet”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report that early disease detection remains undetermined.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- early detection of the diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early detection of the disease is not yet determined”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The review recommends screening imported seed for B. glumae.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- Detection of the diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Detection of the disease by Agricultural Quarantine Agency as a frontline is needed to check the entry of the disease carried by the import activities of the seed.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The review recommends frequent field surveillance in rice production areas.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaet0pathogen
- Outcome
- frequent surveillancee0
- Setting
- central production areas of ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Detection in the suspected field by protection institutes through frequent surveillance in central production areas of rice should be considered as an important task.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The review identifies resistant varieties as a prevention strategy.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- B. glumaeBurkholderia glumaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- use of resistant varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective techniques to prevent B. glumae are the use of resistant varieties, the practice of seed treatments (using antibacterial, bactericide, heat treatment or plant extract), and the application of oxolinic acid to the crops.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The review identifies seed treatments as a prevention strategy.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- B. glumaeBurkholderia glumaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- seed treatments (using antibacterial, bactericide, heat treatment or plant extract)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective techniques to prevent B. glumae are the use of resistant varieties, the practice of seed treatments (using antibacterial, bactericide, heat treatment or plant extract), and the application of oxolinic acid to the crops.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The review identifies oxolinic acid application as a prevention strategy.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- B. glumaeBurkholderia glumaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- application of oxolinic acid to the cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective techniques to prevent B. glumae are the use of resistant varieties, the practice of seed treatments (using antibacterial, bactericide, heat treatment or plant extract), and the application of oxolinic acid to the crops.”
t0“Burkholderia glumae on Rice”