Abstract
Sweet pepper is attacked by a number of viruses which cause serious yield losses for many growers. The influence of mulching on virus disease incidence in sweet pepper was studied under irrigation in NIHORT. Healthy seedlings were transplanted to the field and arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Different mulch used included air-dried leaves of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Tithonia diversifolia (Tithonia), Neem + Tithonia (w/w) and plastic mulch (white, black and yellow) while the control had no mulch. Incidence and severity of virus-like diseases on growth and yield were evaluated. Result indicated that plants grown using white plastic mulch had the lowest disease incidence of 34.43%. Plants grown with Tithonia, Neem, and Neem + Tithonia mulch had high disease incidence of 100%, 88%, and 90.60% respectively. Average virus disease severity ranged from 2.30 and 3.33 on a scale of 1-5 scoring system. Symptoms observed on symptomatic plants include mosaic, mottle, wrinkle and leaf reduction. Plots treated with black plastic mulch produced the lowest fruit weight, while the white and yellow plastic mulch induced highest fruit weight found. The results obtained showed that white and yellow plastic mulches are effective management options for viruses of sweet pepper.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
White plastic mulch had the lowest disease incidence, 34.43%.
- Taxon
- sweet pepper
Capsicum annuumt0 - Treatment
- white plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 34.43%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants grown using white plastic mulch had the lowest disease incidence of 34.43%”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tithonia mulch had 100% disease incidence.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Tithoniae0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown with Tithonia, Neem, and Neem + Tithonia mulch had high disease incidence of 100%, 88%, and 90.60% respectively”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem mulch had 88% disease incidence.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Neeme0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 88%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown with Tithonia, Neem, and Neem + Tithonia mulch had high disease incidence of 100%, 88%, and 90.60% respectively”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem + Tithonia mulch had 90.60% disease incidence.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Neem + Tithonia mulche0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 90.60%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown with Tithonia, Neem, and Neem + Tithonia mulch had high disease incidence of 100%, 88%, and 90.60% respectively”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus disease severity ranged from 2.30 to 3.33 on a 1–5 scale.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Outcome
- virus disease severitye0
- Value
- 2.30 and 3.33e0
- Qualifier
- scale of 1-5 scoring systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average virus disease severity ranged from 2.30 and 3.33 on a scale of 1-5 scoring system”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptomatic plants showed mosaic, mottle, wrinkle and leaf reduction.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Outcome
- mosaic, mottle, wrinkle and leaf reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptoms observed on symptomatic plants include mosaic, mottle, wrinkle and leaf reduction”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch produced the lowest fruit weight.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- black plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with black plastic mulch produced the lowest fruit weight”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
White plastic mulch induced highest fruit weight.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- whitee0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the white and yellow plastic mulch induced highest fruit weight found”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow plastic mulch induced highest fruit weight.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- yellow plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the white and yellow plastic mulch induced highest fruit weight found”
t0“Influence of mulching on virus disease incidence, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend white plastic mulch for sweet pepper virus management.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- whitee0
- Outcome
- effective management options for virusese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“white and yellow plastic mulches are effective management options for viruses of sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend yellow plastic mulch for sweet pepper virus management.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- yellowe0
- Outcome
- effective management options for virusese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“white and yellow plastic mulches are effective management options for viruses of sweet pepper”
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