Paper · 2014 · Journal of progressive agriculture

Effect of foliar application of zinc sulphate and thiourea on productivity and economics of chickpea (Cicer aritenum)

Bhinyaram Jat; J. K. Gupta; R. L. Meena; et al.

16
claims
32
verbatim quotes
3
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2010–11 at farmers’ fields in Raniwas village of Dausa district of Rajasthan, which falls in agroclimatic zone IIIa (Semi arid eastern plain zone). The study consists four treatments namely T1-Control (No spray), T2-0.5% Zinc sulphate spray at vegetative and reproductive stage, T3-500 ppm thiourea spray at vegetative and reproductive stage, T4-500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage. These four treatments were replicated 10 locations in the year Rabi 2010–11 at farmers fields at Raniwas villages of Dausa district. The results of the experiment indicated that plant height (cm), Number of primary branches and number of total branches, number of pods/plant, grain yield and fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively. The grain yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found significantly superior in treatment T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) followed by treatment T2 (0.5% Zinc sulphate spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) being at par with each other found significantly superior over T3 (500 ppm thiourea spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) and T1 (control). Treatment T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) recorded the significantly higher grain yield (q/ha) by the tune of 16.67, 10.0 and 24.19 per cent over T3(500 ppm thiourea spray at vegetative and reproductive stage), T2 (0.5% Zinc sulphate spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) and T1 (control), respectively. Similarly fodder yield of chickpea was recorded the highest with treatment T4 which is 19.29 per cent higher over control, followed by treatment T2 which is 13.15 per cent higher over control. The highest gross returns (Rs 35420/ha), Net returns (Rs 15238/ha) and B:C ratio (1.75) were recorded with the treatment T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) while in Treatment T1 (control) the gross returns (Rs 28420/ha), net returns (Rs 12020/ha) and B:C ratio (1.73) were recorded.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined thiourea and zinc sulphate spray increased chickpea height by 5.89% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stagee0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
superiore0
Value
5.89e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“plant height (cm), Number of primary branches and number of total branches, number of pods/plant, grain yield and fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 667–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray increased chickpea primary branch number by 21.33% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stagee0
Outcome
Number of primary branchese0
Direction
superiore0
Value
21.33e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Number of primary branches and number of total branches, number of pods/plant, grain yield and fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 686–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray increased chickpea total branch number by 16.02% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stagee0
Outcome
number of total branchese0
Direction
superiore0
Value
16.02e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of total branches, number of pods/plant, grain yield and fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 717–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray increased chickpea pods per plant by 14.51% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stagee0
Outcome
number of pods/plante0
Direction
superiore0
Value
14.51e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of pods/plant, grain yield and fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 743–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray increased chickpea grain yield by 24.19% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stagee0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
superiore0
Value
24.19e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“grain yield and fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 765–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray increased chickpea fodder yield by 16.67% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stagee0
Outcome
fodder yielde0
Direction
superiore0
Value
16.67e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“fodder yield (q/ha) of chickpea was found superior in treatment T4-500 ppm thiourea + 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage by the tune of 5.89, 21.33, 16.02, 14.51, 24.19 and 16.67 per cent over control, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 781–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray gave significantly higher grain yield than the thiourea spray.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage)e0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
16.67e0
Comparator
T3(500 ppm thiourea spray at vegetative and reproductive stage)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Treatment T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) recorded the significantly higher grain yield (q/ha) by the tune of 16.67, 10.0 and 24.19 per cent over T3(500 ppm thiourea spray at vegetative and reproductive stage), T2 (0.5% Zinc sulphate spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) and T1 (control), respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1459–1838 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray gave 10.0% higher grain yield than the zinc sulphate spray.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage)e0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
10.0e0
Comparator
T2 (0.5% Zinc sulphate spray at vegetative and reproductive stage)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Treatment T4 (500 ppm thiourea+ 0.2% zinc sulphate (mixed solution) spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) recorded the significantly higher grain yield (q/ha) by the tune of 16.67, 10.0 and 24.19 per cent over T3(500 ppm thiourea spray at vegetative and reproductive stage), T2 (0.5% Zinc sulphate spray at vegetative and reproductive stage) and T1 (control), respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1459–1838 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray gave the highest fodder yield, 19.29% above control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
treatment T4e0
Outcome
fodder yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
19.29 per cente0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“fodder yield of chickpea was recorded the highest with treatment T4 which is 19.29 per cent higher over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1849–1960 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc sulphate spray gave fodder yield 13.15% above control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
treatment T2e0
Outcome
fodder yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
13.15 per cente0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Similarly fodder yield of chickpea was recorded the highest with treatment T4 which is 19.29 per cent higher over control, followed by treatment T2 which is 13.15 per cent higher over control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1839–2031 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray gave the highest gross returns of Rs 35420/ha.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
treatment T4e0
Outcome
gross returnse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
Rs 35420/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest gross returns (Rs 35420/ha), Net returns (Rs 15238/ha) and B:C ratio (1.75) were recorded with the treatment T4”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2032–2155 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray gave net returns of Rs 15238/ha.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
treatment T4e0
Outcome
Net returnse0
Value
Rs 15238/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Net returns (Rs 15238/ha) and B:C ratio (1.75) were recorded with the treatment T4”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2073–2155 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined spray gave a benefit to cost ratio of 1.75.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
treatment T4e0
Outcome
B:C ratioe0
Value
1.75e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“B:C ratio (1.75) were recorded with the treatment T4”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2103–2155 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Control gross returns were Rs 28420/ha.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
Treatment T1 (control)e0
Outcome
gross returnse0
Value
Rs 28420/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Treatment T1 (control) the gross returns (Rs 28420/ha), net returns (Rs 12020/ha) and B:C ratio (1.73) were recorded.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2264–2381 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Control net returns were Rs 12020/ha.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
Treatment T1 (control)e0
Outcome
net returnse0
Value
Rs 12020/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Treatment T1 (control) the gross returns (Rs 28420/ha), net returns (Rs 12020/ha) and B:C ratio (1.73) were recorded.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2264–2381 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Control benefit to cost ratio was 1.73.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume0t0
Treatment
Treatment T1 (control)e0
Outcome
B:C ratioe0
Value
1.73e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Treatment T1 (control) the gross returns (Rs 28420/ha), net returns (Rs 12020/ha) and B:C ratio (1.73) were recorded.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2264–2381 · show in text ↑
t0

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–100 · show in text ↑

zinc sulfate · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ

34 papers: 33 positive, 1 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

30 papers more in this group

See all 34 papers →

thiourea · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

thiourea · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

zinc sulfate · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

16 papers: 16 positive, 0 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

application · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

73 papers: 69 positive, 4 negative or no effect

68 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

69 papers more in this group

See all 73 papers →

application · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

177 papers: 173 positive, 4 negative or no effect

172 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

173 papers more in this group

See all 177 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.