Abstract
Due to alkalinity of most soil and water resources in Iran and consequently bicarbonate-induced high pH of plants’ growing medium and different effects of ammonium and nitrate on pH of plant growing medium, research about deleterious effects of factors like alkalinity and interactive effect of nitrogen with bicarbonate on chemical and ecophysiological characteristics of plants seems to be necessary. Thus, an experiment was carried out on snap bean as a factorial trial with completely randomized design and two factors of sodium bicarbonate (0, 1, 5 and 15 mM) and nitrogen form (ammonium and nitrate). The results of this experiment showed that bicarbonate decreased SPAD index and plant pigments in leaves. Proline concentration in ammonium treated plants increased with bicarbonate linearly; whereas in nitrate treatment and at 1 mM bicarbonate, it decreased slightly but increased again markedly with elevating of bicarbonate content. In ammonium treatment, the photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiency decreased with bicarbonate, whereas in nitrate treatment, they increased with low and medium concentrations of bicarbonate. It is concluded that in ammonium treatment, bicarbonate decreased photosynthesis efficiency and water utilization in snap bean at all concentrations, whereas, in nitrate-fed plants, bicarbonate at low concentration (1 mM) was suitable, probably due to providing some CO2 or carbon skeleton for nitrogen assimilation in plants.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate decreased SPAD index and leaf pigments.
- Taxon
- snap beant0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- SPAD index and plant pigments in leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“bicarbonate decreased SPAD index and plant pigments in leaves”
t0“snap bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In ammonium-treated plants, proline concentration increased linearly with bicarbonate.
- Taxon
- snap beant0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- Proline concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- ammonium treated plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Proline concentration in ammonium treated plants increased with bicarbonate linearly”
t0“snap bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In nitrate-treated plants, proline decreased slightly at 1 mM bicarbonate.
- Taxon
- snap beant0
- Treatment
- 1 mM bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- Proline concentratione0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
- Qualifier
- nitrate treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Proline concentration in ammonium treated plants increased with bicarbonate linearly; whereas in nitrate treatment and at 1 mM bicarbonate, it decreased slightly”
t0“snap bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In nitrate-treated plants, proline increased markedly as bicarbonate rose further.
- Taxon
- snap beant0
- Treatment
- bicarbonate contente0
- Outcome
- Proline concentratione0
- Direction
- increased again markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Proline concentration in ammonium treated plants increased with bicarbonate linearly; whereas in nitrate treatment and at 1 mM bicarbonate, it decreased slightly but increased again markedly with elevating of bicarbonate content”
t0“snap bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Under ammonium nutrition, bicarbonate decreased photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- snap beant0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- ammonium treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In ammonium treatment, the photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiency decreased with bicarbonate”
t0“snap bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Under nitrate nutrition, low and medium bicarbonate increased photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- snap beant0
- Treatment
- low and medium concentrations of bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- nitrate treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In ammonium treatment, the photosynthesis rate, mesophyll efficiency and water use efficiency decreased with bicarbonate, whereas in nitrate treatment, they increased with low and medium concentrations of bicarbonate”
t0“snap bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors judged 1 mM bicarbonate suitable for nitrate-fed plants.
Verbatim
e0“in nitrate-fed plants, bicarbonate at low concentration (1 mM) was suitable”
t0“snap bean”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · physiology: photosynthesis · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.