Abstract
Increasing competition on water resources between the agriculture sector and other sectors requires new irrigation regimes to perform relevant levels of production in semi-arid regions. Field experiment was conducted during two successive seasons at the Experimental Farm of EL-Quassassin, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. This experiment was prepared to assess the effects of different irrigation intervals, potassium phthalate and their combinations on the growth, number of umbels, fruit yield,water use efficiency, and volatile oil production of fennel plant during two successive winter seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively. Three irrigation treatments, main factor, as follow: I1(every three days, which is the common in this regionwith 1150 m3/ha), I2 (every five dayswith 766 m3/ha), and I3 (every seven dayswith 383 m3/ha), and the potassium phthalate as subsidiary factor (0, 400,500, and 600 ppm) were applied. The results showed that, the highest vegetative growth parameters were related to the potassium phthalate at the rate of 600 ppmand irrigation intervals 3 days.The highest values of fruit yield, as well asthe volatile oil production were significantly affected by the potassium phthalate and irrigation frequency in both seasons. Nevertheless, the concentrations of the macro and micro-nutrients in fruits revealed an increasing trend with increasing the irrigation intervals.In addition, the lower the amount of water use, the higher the water use efficiency.The results of GLC analysis of fennel volatile oil indicated that methyl chavicol as the main component varied between (63.02 and 80.82%). The treatment of potassium phthalate at 600 ppm with irrigation every 3days resulted in the lowest methyl chavicol percentage.Thus, the proper irrigation interval increases the plant water stress tolerance by increasing the water use efficiency and the nutrient concentrations of yield.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium phthalate at 600 ppm with three-day irrigation gave the highest vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- Fennel
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=60)
Anethum foeniculumt0 - Treatment
- potassium phthalate at the rate of 600 ppmand irrigation intervals 3 dayse0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the highest vegetative growth parameters were related to the potassium phthalate at the rate of 600 ppmand irrigation intervals 3 days”
t0“Fennel Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium phthalate and irrigation frequency significantly affected fruit yield in both seasons.
- Taxon
- FennelAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- potassium phthalate and irrigation frequencye0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of fruit yield, as well asthe volatile oil production were significantly affected by the potassium phthalate and irrigation frequency in both seasons.”
t0“Fennel Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium phthalate and irrigation frequency significantly affected volatile oil production in both seasons.
- Taxon
- FennelAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- potassium phthalate and irrigation frequencye0
- Outcome
- volatile oil productione0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of fruit yield, as well asthe volatile oil production were significantly affected by the potassium phthalate and irrigation frequency in both seasons.”
t0“Fennel Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit macro- and micro-nutrient concentrations increased with longer irrigation intervals.
- Taxon
- FennelAnethum foeniculumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- irrigation intervalse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of the macro and micro-nutrients in fruitse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the concentrations of the macro and micro-nutrients in fruits revealed an increasing trend with increasing the irrigation intervals”
t0“Fennel Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency was higher when water use was lower.
- Taxon
- FennelAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- amount of water usee0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lower the amount of water use, the higher the water use efficiency”
t0“Fennel Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl chavicol was the main fennel volatile oil component, ranging from 63.02 to 80.82%.
- Taxon
- fennelAnethum foeniculume1
- Outcome
- methyl chavicol as the main componente0
- Value
- 63.02 and 80.82%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“methyl chavicol as the main component varied between (63.02 and 80.82%)”
e1“fennel volatile oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium phthalate at 600 ppm with irrigation every three days gave the lowest methyl chavicol percentage.
- Taxon
- FennelAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- potassium phthalate at 600 ppm with irrigation every 3dayse0
- Outcome
- methyl chavicol percentagee0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium phthalate at 600 ppm with irrigation every 3days resulted in the lowest methyl chavicol percentage”
t0“Fennel Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that a proper irrigation interval improves water stress tolerance through water use efficiency and yield nutrient concentrations.
- Taxon
- FennelAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- proper irrigation intervale0
- Outcome
- plant water stress tolerancee0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- increasing the water use efficiency and the nutrient concentrations of yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proper irrigation interval increases the plant water stress tolerance by increasing the water use efficiency and the nutrient concentrations of yield”
t0“Fennel Plants”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · growth · Anethum foeniculum (fennel)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →potassium · growth · Anethum foeniculum (fennel)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.