Abstract
Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease. Disease severity varied (30.50 to 18.60%) in different locations of Kanpur. Highest disease severity was (30.50%) and the lowest disease severity (18.60%) was noticed at the farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpur. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a soil borne pathogen which causes symptoms on ripe fruits. Pathogen isolated from infected fruits. Copper oxychloride, Kavach, Tebucanazol, Andrachite, Dithane M-45, Metalaxyl, Roko and Bavistin completely suspected the growth of pathogenin vitro. Among eight fungicides, Tebuconazol, Andrachite, Metalaxyl, Roko, and Bavistin were found effective against pathogen under in vitro and in vivo conditions. However, seven bio-agents (Trichoderma spp.), T. koningii, T. virensare found effective in bothconditions. In vitro eight fungicides were tested against pathogen in which Metalaxyl, Roko, Tebucanazol, Andrachite and Bavistin showed 100% growth inhibition. Seven bio-agents (Trichodermaspp.) were tested in vitro while, among them T. koningii showed maximum inhibition followed by T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, T. atroviridae, T. asperallum, T. viridae and T. reesei, respectively. Eight treatments were applied in vivo for disease management however, among them T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin) recorded the minimum disease incidence and maximum fruit yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit rot disease severity varied between 30.50% and 18.60% across locations in Kanpur.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen - Outcome
- Disease severitye1
- Value
- 30.50 to 18.60%e1
- Setting
- different locations of Kanpure1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e1“Disease severity varied (30.50 to 18.60%) in different locations of Kanpur”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest tomato disease severity (30.50%) was recorded at the farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpur.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye2
- Value
- 30.50%e2
- Setting
- farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpure2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e2“Highest disease severity was (30.50%) and the lowest disease severity (18.60%) was noticed at the farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpur”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowest tomato disease severity (18.60%) was recorded at the farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpur.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye2
- Value
- 18.60%e2
- Setting
- farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpure2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e2“Highest disease severity was (30.50%) and the lowest disease severity (18.60%) was noticed at the farmer’s field of Billhore, Kanpur”
Claim · model-written summary
The pathogen was isolated from infected tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- infected fruitse3
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Pathogen isolated from infected fruitse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e3“Pathogen isolated from infected fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper oxychloride, Kavach, Tebuconazole, Andrachite, Dithane M-45, Metalaxyl, Roko and Bavistin completely suppressed pathogen growth in vitro (source wording: "completely suspected").
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Copper oxychloride, Kavach, Tebucanazol, Andrachite, Dithane M-45, Metalaxyl, Roko and Bavistine4
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe4
- Direction
- completely suspectede4
- Setting
- in vitroe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e4“Copper oxychloride, Kavach, Tebucanazol, Andrachite, Dithane M-45, Metalaxyl, Roko and Bavistin completely suspected the growth of pathogenin vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl, Roko, Tebucanazol, Andrachite and Bavistin showed 100% growth inhibition of the pathogen in vitro.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Metalaxyl, Roko, Tebucanazol, Andrachite and Bavistine5
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe5
- Direction
- inhibitione5
- Value
- 100%e5
- Setting
- In vitroe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e5“In vitro eight fungicides were tested against pathogen in which Metalaxyl, Roko, Tebucanazol, Andrachite and Bavistin showed 100% growth inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole, Andrachite, Metalaxyl, Roko and Bavistin were effective against the pathogen in vitro and in vivo.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Tebuconazol, Andrachite, Metalaxyl, Roko, and Bavistine6
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- against pathogene6
- Direction
- effectivee6
- Setting
- in vitro and in vivo conditionse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e6“Among eight fungicides, Tebuconazol, Andrachite, Metalaxyl, Roko, and Bavistin were found effective against pathogen under in vitro and in vivo conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma spp. (seven bio-agents) were found effective against the pathogen in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- seven bio-agents (Trichoderma spp.)e7
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.
Trichodermae7biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- effectivee7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e7“However, seven bio-agents (Trichoderma spp.), T. koningii, T. virensare found effective in bothconditions”
Claim · model-written summary
T. koningii gave the maximum inhibition of the pathogen in vitro, followed by T. virens and other Trichoderma species.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- T. koningiie6
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. koningiiTrichoderma koningiie6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- inhibitione6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Comparator
- T. virense6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e6“among them T. koningii showed maximum inhibition followed by T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, T. atroviridae, T. asperallum, T. viridae and T. reesei, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin) recorded the minimum tomato disease incidence in vivo among eight treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin)e5
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise5biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- disease incidencee5
- Direction
- minimume5
- Comparator
- Eight treatmentse5
- Setting
- in vivoe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e5“Eight treatments were applied in vivo for disease management however, among them T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin) recorded the minimum disease incidence and maximum fruit yield”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin) recorded the maximum tomato fruit yield in vivo among eight treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin)e5
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- fruit yielde5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Comparator
- Eight treatmentse5
- Setting
- in vivoe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato crop affected by different fungal diseases in which Fruit rot known as target spot disease incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive disease”
e5“Eight treatments were applied in vivo for disease management however, among them T6 (Bacillus subtilis + bavistin) recorded the minimum disease incidence and maximum fruit yield”
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