Abstract
Core Ideas Formulated humic acid product containing humic and fulvic acid plus N, P, and K application to soybean at V2 and R2 improved yield in two of four environments. Formulated humic acid product application did not influence seed oil concentration. Seed protein concentration decreased following formulated humic acid product application in one of four environments. Soybean yield can increase following formulated humic acid product application in some stress environments. Application of humic products to crops remains controversial. We conducted a field study in Iowa over four environments from 2012 to 2014 examining productivity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] receiving foliar application of a humic product at one of four application times based on plant development. Humic product application never influenced soybean height at harvest. Soybean yield increased following application of the humic product in two of four environments, but application timing was not completely consistent between these two environments. In one 2012 environment, humic product application at V2, V6, and R2 resulted in greater yield than the untreated control. In the other 2012 environment, application of the humic product at V2 resulted in improved yield over the untreated control. Application of the humic product never influenced seed oil concentration; however, seed protein concentration was decreased following application of humic product at V2 and R2 in a single 2012 environment. Use of the formulated product influenced returns from –$81 acre−1 to +$171 acre−1, depending on the environment. The environments where humic product application positively influenced yield and seed quality had greater rainfall deficits and air temperatures above the long-term average.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Humic product application did not change soybean height at harvest.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Humic product applicatione0
- Outcome
- soybean height at harveste0
- Direction
- never influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic product application never influenced soybean height at harvest.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic product increased yield in two of four environments, with inconsistent effective timing.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of the humic producte0
- Outcome
- Soybean yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- two of four environmentse0
- Qualifier
- application timing was not completely consistente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean yield increased following application of the humic product in two of four environments, but application timing was not completely consistent between these two environments.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In one 2012 environment, applications at V2, V6 and R2 raised yield over untreated controls.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- humic product application at V2, V6, and R2e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
- Setting
- one 2012 environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In one 2012 environment, humic product application at V2, V6, and R2 resulted in greater yield than the untreated control.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In the other 2012 environment, V2 humic product application improved yield over untreated controls.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of the humic product at V2e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
- Setting
- other 2012 environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the other 2012 environment, application of the humic product at V2 resulted in improved yield over the untreated control.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic product application did not alter seed oil concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Application of the humic producte0
- Outcome
- seed oil concentratione0
- Direction
- never influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the humic product never influenced seed oil concentration; however, seed protein concentration was decreased following application of humic product at V2 and R2 in a single 2012 environment.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
V2 and R2 humic product applications reduced seed protein concentration in one 2012 environment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of humic product at V2 and R2e0
- Outcome
- seed protein concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- single 2012 environmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the humic product never influenced seed oil concentration; however, seed protein concentration was decreased following application of humic product at V2 and R2 in a single 2012 environment.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Returns with the product ranged from –$81 to +$171 per acre across environments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- formulated producte0
- Outcome
- returnse0
- Value
- –$81 acre−1 to +$171 acre−1e0
- Qualifier
- depending on the environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of the formulated product influenced returns from –$81 acre−1 to +$171 acre−1, depending on the environment.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Environments with improved yield and seed quality had larger rainfall deficits and above-average air temperature.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- yield and seed qualitye0
- Direction
- positively influencede0
- Qualifier
- greater rainfall deficits and air temperatures above the long-term averagee0
- Setting
- environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The environments where humic product application positively influenced yield and seed quality had greater rainfall deficits and air temperatures above the long-term average.”
t0“Soybean”
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