Abstract
The efficacy of fruit peelings and cow dung used as soil amendments each at the rates of 0, 4, 8, and 16t ha-1 in the control of root-knot nematodes on' okra was tested in two field trials at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan. The organic wastes were each ploughed 0,20m into the soil and were subjected to three decomposition periods of two, four and six weeks before okra seeds were sown. The plots that were not amended served as the control treatment. The layout was a 2 x 4 x 3 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed a consistent decline in nematode population and increase in yield of okra with increasing rate of each soil amendment. Regardless of each type of organic waste, six week decomposed wastes reduced nematode populations and improved yield more than two-week decomposed manure. While the plants in fruit peelings amended soil recorded a higher level of nematode population reduction by 68.1% and resulted in a yield increase of 89.2% over the control, cow dung reduced nematode population by 64.6% with resultant yield increase of 30.9%. While the effect of year of study (Y) was not significant for the assessed parameters, the interaction between manure rate (M) at 16t ha-1 and decomposition period of six weeks recorded the best significant suppressive effect on nematode population and enhanced the yield of okra. The overall results thus suggest that the efficacy of fruit peelings was significantly better in nematode control, enhanced plant growth and yield response over the corresponding effect of cow dung on the measured parameters. Keywords: decomposition period, cow dung, fruit peelings, root-knot nematodes Moor Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 5(1) 2004: 19-25
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode population declined with increasing rate of each soil amendment.
- Taxon
- okra
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Abelmoschus esculentust0 - Treatment
- increasing rate of each soil amendmente0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodes
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynet1pest - Outcome
- nematode populatione0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“consistent decline in nematode population and increase in yield of okra with increasing rate of each soil amendment”
t0“okra”
t1“root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Okra yield rose with increasing rate of each amendment.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- increasing rate of each soil amendmente0
- Outcome
- yield of okrae0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“consistent decline in nematode population and increase in yield of okra with increasing rate of each soil amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Six-week decomposed wastes reduced nematode populations more than two-week decomposed manure.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- six week decomposed wastese0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynet1pest
- Outcome
- nematode populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- two-week decomposed manuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six week decomposed wastes reduced nematode populations and improved yield more than two-week decomposed manure”
t0“okra”
t1“root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Six-week decomposed wastes improved okra yield more than two-week decomposed manure.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- six week decomposed wastese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- two-week decomposed manuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six week decomposed wastes reduced nematode populations and improved yield more than two-week decomposed manure”
t0“okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit peelings reduced nematode population by 68.1% relative to control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- fruit peelingse0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynet1pest
- Outcome
- nematode populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 68.1%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit peelings amended soil recorded a higher level of nematode population reduction by 68.1% and resulted in a yield increase of 89.2% over the control”
t0“okra”
t1“root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit peelings increased okra yield by 89.2% over control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- fruit peelingse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 89.2%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit peelings amended soil recorded a higher level of nematode population reduction by 68.1% and resulted in a yield increase of 89.2% over the control”
t0“okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Cow dung reduced nematode population by 64.6%.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- cow dunge0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynet1pest
- Outcome
- nematode populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 64.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cow dung reduced nematode population by 64.6% with resultant yield increase of 30.9%”
t0“okra”
t1“root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Cow dung increased okra yield by 30.9%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cow dung reduced nematode population by 64.6% with resultant yield increase of 30.9%”
t0“okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Study year had no significant effect on assessed parameters.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Outcome
- assessed parameterse0
- Qualifier
- year of study (Y)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of year of study (Y) was not significant for the assessed parameters”
t0“okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of 16t ha-1 manure and six weeks decomposition produced the strongest significant nematode suppression.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- manure rate (M) at 16t ha-1 and decomposition period of six weekse0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynet1pest
- Outcome
- nematode populatione0
- Direction
- suppressivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction between manure rate (M) at 16t ha-1 and decomposition period of six weeks recorded the best significant suppressive effect on nematode population and enhanced the yield of okra”
t0“okra”
t1“root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of 16t ha-1 manure and six weeks decomposition enhanced okra yield.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- manure rate (M) at 16t ha-1 and decomposition period of six weekse0
- Outcome
- yield of okrae0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction between manure rate (M) at 16t ha-1 and decomposition period of six weeks recorded the best significant suppressive effect on nematode population and enhanced the yield of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit peelings were significantly better than cow dung for nematode control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- fruit peelingse0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynet1pest
- Outcome
- nematode controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- cow dunge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efficacy of fruit peelings was significantly better in nematode control, enhanced plant growth and yield response over the corresponding effect of cow dung”
t0“okra”
t1“root-knot nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit peelings improved plant growth and yield response relative to cow dung.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- fruit peelingse0
- Outcome
- plant growth and yield responsee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- cow dunge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efficacy of fruit peelings was significantly better in nematode control, enhanced plant growth and yield response over the corresponding effect of cow dung”
t0“okra”
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