Abstract
Field experiments were conducted on drip–irrigated pomegranate (Punicagranatum L.) trees grown in a private farm at kilometer 76 Cairo/Alexandria Desert Road, Egypt during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. The site represents newly reclaimed sandy soil at the west of Nile Delta region. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different ETo-dependent irrigation levels on amounts of applied irrigation water, water consumptive use, fruit yield and its components, fruit quality, water use efficiency, water productivity, and to develop a local pomegranate crop coefficient (Kc) and yield response factor (Ky) under the experimental conditions, as well as the effect on saving energy and increasing farm income. Four irrigation treatments (120, 100 and 80, and 60% ETo) were compared to farmer irrigation practice. The experimental treatments were laid out in strip plot design with four replicates. Results indicated that distribution uniformity values, conducted at the beginning of each season, were 88 and 90 % in 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. The 2–season average amounts of applied irrigation water for the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo and farmer treatment were 13520, 11270, 9020, 6760, and 18075 m3 ha-1, respectively. Average values of total fruit yield were 40.2, 38.6, 36.9, 23.8, and 31.8-ton ha-1 for the same respective treatments. The highest fruit diameter and weight were produced from irrigation with 120% ETo. The Kc values for the 120% ETo irrigation treatment were 0.14-0.45, 0.45-0.79, 0.79-1.05, and 1.05-0.76 for initial, crop development, mid- and late-season growth stages, respectively. Results showed that pomegranate yield response factor (Ky) was 0.81 indicating that pomegranate trees are moderately tolerant to water stress. Application of the proposed irrigation treatments reduced consumed energy by values varied from 25 to 62% compared with farmer irrigation. The 2-year average net income values of the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo irrigation treatments were 117, 106, 91, and 3% higher than that of farmer practice. Under the experiment circumstances it could be concluded that, irrigating pomegranate trees at 80% ETo level saves 9055 m3/ha of applied irrigation water and 50% of the electric energy In addition, the highest figures of water use efficiency (4.7 kg fruits/m3 water consumed), water productivity (4.1 kg fruits/m3 water applied), and net income (91% more), were achieved compared with farmer practice.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation distribution uniformity was 88% and 90% in the first and second seasons.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“distribution uniformity values, conducted at the beginning of each season, were 88 and 90 % in 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 120% ETo, applied irrigation water averaged 13520 m3 ha-1 over two seasons.
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Verbatim
e0“The 2–season average amounts of applied irrigation water for the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo and farmer treatment were 13520, 11270, 9020, 6760, and 18075 m3 ha-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100% ETo, applied irrigation water averaged 11270 m3 ha-1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2–season average amounts of applied irrigation water for the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo and farmer treatment were 13520, 11270, 9020, 6760, and 18075 m3 ha-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% ETo, applied irrigation water averaged 9020 m3 ha-1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2–season average amounts of applied irrigation water for the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo and farmer treatment were 13520, 11270, 9020, 6760, and 18075 m3 ha-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 60% ETo, applied irrigation water averaged 6760 m3 ha-1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2–season average amounts of applied irrigation water for the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo and farmer treatment were 13520, 11270, 9020, 6760, and 18075 m3 ha-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer irrigation applied 18075 m3 ha-1 on average.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2–season average amounts of applied irrigation water for the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo and farmer treatment were 13520, 11270, 9020, 6760, and 18075 m3 ha-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Average fruit yield at 120% ETo was 40.2 ton ha-1.
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Verbatim
e0“Average values of total fruit yield were 40.2, 38.6, 36.9, 23.8, and 31.8-ton ha-1 for the same respective treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Average fruit yield at 100% ETo was 38.6 ton ha-1.
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Verbatim
e0“Average values of total fruit yield were 40.2, 38.6, 36.9, 23.8, and 31.8-ton ha-1 for the same respective treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Average fruit yield at 80% ETo was 36.9 ton ha-1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Average values of total fruit yield were 40.2, 38.6, 36.9, 23.8, and 31.8-ton ha-1 for the same respective treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Average fruit yield at 60% ETo was 23.8 ton ha-1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Average values of total fruit yield were 40.2, 38.6, 36.9, 23.8, and 31.8-ton ha-1 for the same respective treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Average fruit yield under farmer irrigation was 31.8 ton ha-1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Average values of total fruit yield were 40.2, 38.6, 36.9, 23.8, and 31.8-ton ha-1 for the same respective treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 120% ETo produced the highest fruit diameter and weight.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit diameter and weight were produced from irrigation with 120% ETo”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop coefficients under 120% ETo were 0.14-0.45, 0.45-0.79, 0.79-1.05, and 1.05-0.76 across initial through late growth stages.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The Kc values for the 120% ETo irrigation treatment were 0.14-0.45, 0.45-0.79, 0.79-1.05, and 1.05-0.76 for initial, crop development, mid- and late-season growth stages, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pomegranate yield response factor was 0.81, interpreted as moderate tolerance to water stress.
- Taxon
- pomegranate trees
Punica granatume0 - Outcome
- yield response factor (Ky)e0
- Value
- 0.81e0
- Qualifier
- moderately tolerant to water stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate yield response factor (Ky) was 0.81 indicating that pomegranate trees are moderately tolerant to water stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Proposed irrigation treatments reduced energy consumption by 25 to 62% compared with farmer irrigation.
- Treatment
- proposed irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- consumed energye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 25 to 62%e0
- Comparator
- farmer irrigatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Application of the proposed irrigation treatments reduced consumed energy by values varied from 25 to 62% compared with farmer irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Net income at 120% ETo averaged 117% above farmer practice.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2-year average net income values of the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo irrigation treatments were 117, 106, 91, and 3% higher than that of farmer practice”
Claim · model-written summary
Net income at 100% ETo averaged 106% above farmer practice.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2-year average net income values of the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo irrigation treatments were 117, 106, 91, and 3% higher than that of farmer practice”
Claim · model-written summary
Net income at 80% ETo averaged 91% above farmer practice.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2-year average net income values of the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo irrigation treatments were 117, 106, 91, and 3% higher than that of farmer practice”
Claim · model-written summary
Net income at 60% ETo averaged 3% above farmer practice.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The 2-year average net income values of the 120, 100, 80, and 60% ETo irrigation treatments were 117, 106, 91, and 3% higher than that of farmer practice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that irrigation at 80% ETo saved water and energy and achieved the highest water use efficiency and productivity.
- Taxon
- pomegranate treesPunica granatume0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Value
- 4.7 kg fruits/m3 water consumede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigating pomegranate trees at 80% ETo level saves 9055 m3/ha of applied irrigation water and 50% of the electric energy In addition, the highest figures of water use efficiency (4.7 kg fruits/m3 water consumed), water productivity (4.1 kg fruits/m3 water applied), and net income (91% more), were achieved compared with farmer practice”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · yield · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
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See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.