Abstract
Phytophthora root and stem rot, a destructive disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae. However, how the disease resistance mechanisms of soybean respond to P. sojae infection remains unclear. Previously, we showed that GmWRKY31, which interacts with a sucrose nonfermenting-1(SNF1)-related protein kinase (SnRK), enhances resistance to P. sojae in soybean. Here, we report that the membrane-localized SnRK GmSnRK1.1 is involved in the soybean host response to P. sojae. The overexpression of GmSnRK1.1 (GmSnRK1.1-OE) increased soybean resistance to P. sojae, and the RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of GmSnRK1.1 (GmSnRK1.1-R) reduced resistance to P. sojae. Moreover, the activities and transcript levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were markedly higher in the GmSnRK1.1-OE transgenic soybean plants than in the wild type (WT), but were reduced in the GmSnRK1.1-R plants. Several isoflavonoid phytoalexins related genes GmPAL, GmIFR, Gm4CL and GmCHS were significantly higher in ‘Suinong 10’ and GmSnRK1.1-OE lines than these in ‘Dongnong 50’, and were significantly lower in GmSnRK1.1-R lines. In addition, the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and the expression level of the SA biosynthesis-related gene were significantly higher in the GmSnRK1.1-OE plants than in the WT and GmSnRK1.1-R plants. Moreover, SA biosynthesis inhibitor treated GmSnRK1.1-R lines plants displayed clearly increased pathogen biomass compared with H2O-treated plants after 24 h post-inoculation. These results showed that GmSnRK1.1 positively regulates soybean resistance to P. sojae, potentially functioning via effects on the expression of SA-related genes and increased accumulation of SA.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmSnRK1.1 increased soybean resistance to P. sojae.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- overexpression of GmSnRK1.1e1
- Interactor
- P. sojaePhytophthora sojaee1pathogen
- Gene
- GmSnRK1.1e1
- Outcome
- resistance to P. sojaee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overexpression of GmSnRK1.1 (GmSnRK1.1-OE) increased soybean resistance to P. sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA interference silencing of GmSnRK1.1 reduced soybean resistance to P. sojae.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of GmSnRK1.1e2
- Interactor
- P. sojaePhytophthora sojaee2pathogen
- Gene
- GmSnRK1.1e2
- Outcome
- resistance to P. sojaee2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytophthora root and stem rot, a destructive disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae”
e2“the RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of GmSnRK1.1 (GmSnRK1.1-R) reduced resistance to P. sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmSnRK1.1 raised the activities and transcript levels of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase above wild-type levels.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- GmSnRK1.1-OEe3
- Outcome
- activities and transcript levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidasee3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- wild type (WT)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“the activities and transcript levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were markedly higher in the GmSnRK1.1-OE transgenic soybean plants than in the wild type (WT)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of GmSnRK1.1 reduced the activities and transcript levels of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- GmSnRK1.1-Re4
- Outcome
- activities and transcript levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidasee3
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“the activities and transcript levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were markedly higher in the GmSnRK1.1-OE transgenic soybean plants than in the wild type (WT)”
e4“but were reduced in the GmSnRK1.1-R plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoflavonoid phytoalexin-related genes were significantly higher in Suinong 10 and GmSnRK1.1-overexpressing lines than in Dongnong 50.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Suinong 10e5
- Treatment
- GmSnRK1.1-OEe5
- Gene
- GmPAL, GmIFR, Gm4CL and GmCHSe5
- Outcome
- isoflavonoid phytoalexins related genese5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- Dongnong 50e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytophthora root and stem rot, a destructive disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae”
e5“Several isoflavonoid phytoalexins related genes GmPAL, GmIFR, Gm4CL and GmCHS were significantly higher in ‘Suinong 10’ and GmSnRK1.1-OE lines than these in ‘Dongnong 50’”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoflavonoid phytoalexin-related genes were significantly lower in GmSnRK1.1-silenced lines.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- GmSnRK1.1-Re6
- Gene
- GmPAL, GmIFR, Gm4CL and GmCHSe5
- Outcome
- isoflavonoid phytoalexins related genese5
- Direction
- lowere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytophthora root and stem rot, a destructive disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae”
e5“Several isoflavonoid phytoalexins related genes GmPAL, GmIFR, Gm4CL and GmCHS were significantly higher in ‘Suinong 10’ and GmSnRK1.1-OE lines than these in ‘Dongnong 50’”
e6“and were significantly lower in GmSnRK1.1-R lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid accumulation and SA biosynthesis gene expression were higher in GmSnRK1.1-overexpressing soybean than in the WT and GmSnRK1.1-R plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- GmSnRK1.1-OEe7
- Compound
- salicylic acide7
- Outcome
- accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and the expression level of the SA biosynthesis-related genee7
- Direction
- highere7
- Comparator
- WT and GmSnRK1.1-R plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytophthora root and stem rot, a destructive disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae”
e7“the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and the expression level of the SA biosynthesis-related gene were significantly higher in the GmSnRK1.1-OE plants than in the WT and GmSnRK1.1-R plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The SA biosynthesis inhibitor increased Phytophthora sojae biomass in GmSnRK1.1-silenced lines compared with H2O-treated plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- SA biosynthesis inhibitore1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogen biomasse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- after 24 h post-inoculatione1
- Comparator
- H2O-treated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytophthora root and stem rot, a destructive disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae”
e1“SA biosynthesis inhibitor treated GmSnRK1.1-R lines plants displayed clearly increased pathogen biomass compared with H2O-treated plants after 24 h post-inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
GmSnRK1.1 is proposed to positively regulate soybean resistance to P. sojae, potentially via SA-related gene expression and SA accumulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- GmSnRK1.1e0
- Compound
- SAe0
- Outcome
- resistance to P. sojaee0
- Qualifier
- potentially functioning via effects on the expression of SA-related genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results showed that GmSnRK1.1 positively regulates soybean resistance to P. sojae, potentially functioning via effects on the expression of SA-related genes and increased accumulation of SA”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · Phytophthora sojae · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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