Abstract
Understanding of seed germination in sodic soils is needed to accelerate the restoration process in degraded saline‐sodic grassland. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of seed age (2 vs. 6 yr) and seed size (small vs. large) on seed germination and seedling growth in sodic grasslands. Older seeds (6 vs. 2 yr) reduced seed germination by 29%, germination potential by 36%, and the seedling vigor index by 52%. Seed size (small vs. large) reduced seed germination by 18%, germination potential by 20%, and seedling vigor by 19%. Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 ) decreased germination by 64%, germination potential by 68%, and seedling vigor index by 33%. Sodic salt stress decreases in seed germination and seedling vigor increased with seed age. These findings suggest that younger and large seeds are preferable for restoration efforts in sodic soils. Thus, in regions where the soil has a high level of sodicity, we suggest that large seeds be selected and stored only for a short period of time for seeding. Core Ideas Germination of a 6‐yr‐old seed lot was reduced by seed ageing compared with a 2‐yr‐old seed lot. Light sodic salt stress increased seed germination, whereas heavy stress markedly inhibited germination and the seedling vigor index. Larger seed size partially offset reductions in germination and the seedling vigor index, especially in high sodic salt stress conditions.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Older seeds reduced germination by 29% versus younger seeds.
Verbatim
e0“Older seeds (6 vs. 2 yr) reduced seed germination by 29%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Older seeds reduced germination potential by 36%.
Verbatim
e0“Older seeds (6 vs. 2 yr) reduced seed germination by 29%, germination potential by 36%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Older seeds reduced seedling vigor index by 52%.
Verbatim
e0“Older seeds (6 vs. 2 yr) reduced seed germination by 29%, germination potential by 36%, and the seedling vigor index by 52%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Small seed size reduced germination by 18% versus large seeds.
Verbatim
e0“Seed size (small vs. large) reduced seed germination by 18%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Small seed size reduced germination potential by 20%.
Verbatim
e0“Seed size (small vs. large) reduced seed germination by 18%, germination potential by 20%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Small seed size reduced seedling vigor by 19%.
Verbatim
e0“Seed size (small vs. large) reduced seed germination by 18%, germination potential by 20%, and seedling vigor by 19%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodic salt stress reduced germination by 64%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 )e0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 64%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 ) decreased germination by 64%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodic salt stress reduced germination potential by 68%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 )e0
- Outcome
- germination potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 ) decreased germination by 64%, germination potential by 68%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodic salt stress reduced seedling vigor index by 33%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 )e0
- Outcome
- seedling vigor indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Sodic salt stress (>10 mM Na 2 CO 3 ) decreased germination by 64%, germination potential by 68%, and seedling vigor index by 33%”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Age increased the adverse effect of sodic stress on germination and vigor.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- seed agee0
- Outcome
- Sodic salt stress decreases in seed germination and seedling vigore0
- Direction
- increasede0
Verbatim
e0“Sodic salt stress decreases in seed germination and seedling vigor increased with seed age.”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Light sodic salt stress increased seed germination.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- Light sodic salt stresse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Light sodic salt stress increased seed germination”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger seeds partially offset stress related declines in germination and seedling vigor, especially under high stress.
Verbatim
e0“Larger seed size partially offset reductions in germination and the seedling vigor index, especially in high sodic salt stress conditions.”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend large seeds stored briefly for seeding sodic soils.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Outcome
- large seeds be selected and stored only for a short period of time for seedinge0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“we suggest that large seeds be selected and stored only for a short period of time for seeding”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.