Abstract
Variation in root system architecture (RSA) and morphology are important for improving phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) in wheat. This work aims to analyze the root system architecture and morphology of wheat genotypes to explain their variation in PUE. Two genotypes differing in PUE, RAC875 (P efficient) and Wyalkatchem (P inefficient) were grown in a sandy soil amended with adequate basal nutrients and two P rates (10 and 30 mg P kg −1 ). RSA traits were measured by freely available software, GiA roots and DIRT, and root hair features were measured using a microscope with an attached camera and LAS v3.6 software. Under low P supply, RAC875 produced greater shoot dry matter (DM) at 24, 27 and 48 days after sowing (DAS), and at maturity, RAC875 also had a higher grain yield at maturity. Enhanced P efficiency (biomass and seed yield at inadequate P supply relative to adequate P supply) was observed more so in RAC875 at all harvest times. P supply affected most RSA traits, with low P leading to reductions in convex hull area (CHA), root surface area, root volume, total root length and root tip number. RAC875 produced significantly greater CHA than Wyalkatchem at low P supply while Wyalkatchem had significantly larger CHA than RAC875 when P was non-limiting. RAC875 also had greater root hair density (RHD) than Wyalkatchem at low P level, but no difference was observed at adequate P. When grown under low P supply, a greater CHA and RHD in RAC875 were likely to contribute to improved P uptake, resulting in its higher shoot biomass and grain yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
RAC875 had greater shoot dry matter than Wyalkatchem at low phosphorus at 24, 27, 48 days and maturity.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- RAC875e0
- Treatment
- low P supplye0
- Outcome
- shoot dry matter (DM)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- at 24, 27 and 48 days after sowing (DAS), and at maturitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under low P supply, RAC875 produced greater shoot dry matter (DM) at 24, 27 and 48 days after sowing (DAS), and at maturity”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
RAC875 had higher grain yield than Wyalkatchem at maturity under low phosphorus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- RAC875e0
- Treatment
- low P supplye0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at maturitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under low P supply, RAC875 produced greater shoot dry matter (DM) at 24, 27 and 48 days after sowing (DAS), and at maturity, RAC875 also had a higher grain yield at maturity.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
RAC875 showed greater phosphorus efficiency for biomass and seed yield at inadequate phosphorus than Wyalkatchem.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- RAC875e0
- Outcome
- P efficiencye0
- Direction
- Enhancede0
- Qualifier
- at all harvest timese0
- Comparator
- adequate P supplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced P efficiency (biomass and seed yield at inadequate P supply relative to adequate P supply) was observed more so in RAC875 at all harvest times.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus reduced convex hull area, root surface area, and root volume.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- low Pe0
- Outcome
- convex hull area (CHA), root surface area, root volumee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low P leading to reductions in convex hull area (CHA), root surface area, root volume, total root length and root tip number.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus reduced total root length and root tip number.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- low Pe0
- Outcome
- total root length and root tip numbere0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low P leading to reductions in convex hull area (CHA), root surface area, root volume, total root length and root tip number.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
RAC875 had greater convex hull area than Wyalkatchem at low phosphorus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- RAC875e0
- Treatment
- low P supplye0
- Outcome
- CHAe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Wyalkatcheme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RAC875 produced significantly greater CHA than Wyalkatchem at low P supply”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Wyalkatchem had greater convex hull area than RAC875 when phosphorus was nonlimiting.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Wyalkatcheme0
- Outcome
- CHAe0
- Direction
- largere0
- Qualifier
- when P was non-limitinge0
- Comparator
- RAC875e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wyalkatchem had significantly larger CHA than RAC875 when P was non-limiting.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
RAC875 had greater root hair density than Wyalkatchem at low phosphorus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- RAC875e0
- Outcome
- root hair density (RHD)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- at low P levele0
- Comparator
- Wyalkatcheme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RAC875 also had greater root hair density (RHD) than Wyalkatchem at low P level”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The genotypes did not differ in root hair density at adequate phosphorus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- root hair densitye0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Qualifier
- at adequate Pe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RAC875 also had greater root hair density (RHD) than Wyalkatchem at low P level, but no difference was observed at adequate P.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater convex hull area and root hair density in RAC875 at low phosphorus likely improve phosphorus uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- RAC875e0
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Qualifier
- likelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When grown under low P supply, a greater CHA and RHD in RAC875 were likely to contribute to improved P uptake”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved phosphorus uptake in RAC875 likely contributes to its higher shoot biomass and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- RAC875e0
- Outcome
- shoot biomass and grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When grown under low P supply, a greater CHA and RHD in RAC875 were likely to contribute to improved P uptake, resulting in its higher shoot biomass and grain yield.”
t0“two wheat genotypes”
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