Abstract
Seven substituted dinitrobenzamine herbicides were evaluated at two rates as preplant soil-incorporated treatments for 2 yr. Herbicides were applied broadcast and incorporated 7 cm deep into a sandy loam with a power-driven rototiller before the preplanting irrigation and 3 weeks before crop planting. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-1’) stands were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropylaniline], dinitramine (N 4 , N 4 -diethyl- a,a,a -trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [ N -(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], and AN 56477 [ N,N -di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline]. Cotton yields were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477. The poorest weed control was obtained with the lower rate of nitralin, AN 56477, and butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- N -(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine]. A bioassay with Japanese millet [ Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. frumentacea (Roxb.) Wight] and grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was used to evaluate herbicides remaining in soil sampled 1, 120, and 240 days after application. Residual herbicide phytotoxicity at 240 days indicated dinitramine < trifluralin (a,a,a -trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) = butralin < profluralin [ N -(cyclopropylmethyl)- a,a,a -trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl- p -toluidine] = AN 56477 < nitralin < fluchloralin. In greenhouse experiments, cotton taproot elongation was retarded by both rates of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477 and by the higher rate of fluchloralin. All herbicides inhibited lateral roots of cotton in the herbicide-treated zone of soil, but butralin and profluralin caused the least inhibition.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
The higher nitralin rate reduced cotton stands.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- nitraline0
- Outcome
- standse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-1’) stands were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropylaniline], dinitramine (N 4 , N 4 -diethyl- a,a,a -trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [ N -(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], and AN 56477 [ N,N -di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline].”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher dinitramine rate reduced cotton stands.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- dinitraminee0
- Outcome
- standse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-1’) stands were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropylaniline], dinitramine (N 4 , N 4 -diethyl- a,a,a -trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [ N -(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], and AN 56477 [ N,N -di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline].”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher fluchloralin rate reduced cotton stands.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- fluchloraline0
- Outcome
- standse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-1’) stands were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropylaniline], dinitramine (N 4 , N 4 -diethyl- a,a,a -trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [ N -(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], and AN 56477 [ N,N -di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline].”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher AN 56477 rate reduced cotton stands.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- AN 56477e0
- Outcome
- standse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-1’) stands were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropylaniline], dinitramine (N 4 , N 4 -diethyl- a,a,a -trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [ N -(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], and AN 56477 [ N,N -di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline].”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher nitralin rate reduced cotton yield.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- nitraline0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton yields were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477.”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher dinitramine rate reduced cotton yield.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- dinitraminee0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton yields were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477.”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher AN 56477 rate reduced cotton yield.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- AN 56477e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton yields were reduced by the higher rate of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477.”
Claim · model-written summary
The lower nitralin rate gave the poorest weed control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitraline0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- pooreste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The poorest weed control was obtained with the lower rate of nitralin, AN 56477, and butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- N -(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine].”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The lower AN 56477 rate gave the poorest weed control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- AN 56477e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- pooreste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The poorest weed control was obtained with the lower rate of nitralin, AN 56477, and butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- N -(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine].”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The lower butralin rate gave the poorest weed control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- butraline0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- pooreste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The poorest weed control was obtained with the lower rate of nitralin, AN 56477, and butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- N -(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine].”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual herbicide phytotoxicity differed by herbicide at 240 days in the stated ranking.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- Residual herbicide phytotoxicitye0
- Qualifier
- at 240 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual herbicide phytotoxicity at 240 days indicated dinitramine < trifluralin (a,a,a -trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) = butralin < profluralin [ N -(cyclopropylmethyl)- a,a,a -trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl- p -toluidine] = AN 56477 < nitralin < fluchloralin.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
nitralin retarded cotton taproot elongation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- nitraline0
- Outcome
- taproot elongatione0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiments, cotton taproot elongation was retarded by both rates of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477 and by the higher rate of fluchloralin.”
Claim · model-written summary
dinitramine retarded cotton taproot elongation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- dinitraminee0
- Outcome
- taproot elongatione0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiments, cotton taproot elongation was retarded by both rates of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477 and by the higher rate of fluchloralin.”
Claim · model-written summary
AN 56477 retarded cotton taproot elongation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- AN 56477e0
- Outcome
- taproot elongatione0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiments, cotton taproot elongation was retarded by both rates of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477 and by the higher rate of fluchloralin.”
Claim · model-written summary
fluchloralin retarded cotton taproot elongation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- fluchloraline0
- Outcome
- taproot elongatione0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Setting
- greenhouse experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiments, cotton taproot elongation was retarded by both rates of nitralin, dinitramine, and AN 56477 and by the higher rate of fluchloralin.”
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicides inhibited cotton lateral roots in treated soil.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- All herbicidese0
- Outcome
- lateral rootse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All herbicides inhibited lateral roots of cotton in the herbicide-treated zone of soil, but butralin and profluralin caused the least inhibition.”
Claim · model-written summary
Butralin and profluralin caused the least lateral-root inhibition.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- least inhibitione0
- Direction
- leaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but butralin and profluralin caused the least inhibition.”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
Dinitramine · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Nitralin · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Dinitramine · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
herbicide · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.