Abstract
Rates of trifluralin (α,α,α,-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropyl- p -toluidine) and vernolate ( S -propyl dipropylthiocarbamate) were compared with and without 45 kg/ha of nitrogen for 2 yr on soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Nodulation was the only factor affected significantly by nitrogen. Nodule weight was 65% greater where nitrogen was not applied. Nodulation was suppressed by trifluralin, but not by vernolate. Delays in emergence, stunting, plant injury, and yield reduction were associated with preplant incorporated treatments of trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and with incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha. Trifluralin incorporated at 0.56 kg/ha and vernolate injected at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha had essentially no effect on plant injury and did not reduce yields significantly. Soybeans were injured more by incorporated vernolate than by trifluralin. Average yields of weed-free soybeans for 2 yr were reduced 10.5, 8.6, and 14.0%, respectively, by (a) trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and (b) incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha. However, injected vernolate (compared to other treatments) significantly increased soybean emergence, reduced plant injury, and increased yields.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Nodule weight of soybean was 65% greater where no nitrogen was applied than with 45 kg/ha of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Soybeans
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- 45 kg/ha of nitrogene1
- Outcome
- Nodule weighte0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 65%e0
- Comparator
- where nitrogen was not appliede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e0“Nodule weight was 65% greater where nitrogen was not applied”
e1“with and without 45 kg/ha of nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin suppressed soybean nodulation, whereas vernolate did not.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- trifluraline2
- Outcome
- Nodulatione2
- Direction
- suppressede2
- Comparator
- vernolatee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e2“Nodulation was suppressed by trifluralin, but not by vernolate”
Claim · model-written summary
Preplant incorporated trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha was associated with delayed emergence of soybean, with stunting, plant injury and yield reduction.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- preplant incorporated treatments of trifluralin at 1.12 kg/hae3
- Outcome
- Delays in emergencee3
- Direction
- Delayse3
- Qualifier
- stunting, plant injury, and yield reductione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e3“Delays in emergence, stunting, plant injury, and yield reduction were associated with preplant incorporated treatments of trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and with incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha was associated with delayed emergence of soybean, with stunting, plant injury and yield reduction.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- Delays in emergencee3
- Direction
- Delayse3
- Qualifier
- stunting, plant injury, and yield reductione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e3“Delays in emergence, stunting, plant injury, and yield reduction were associated with preplant incorporated treatments of trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and with incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha”
e4“with incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporated trifluralin at 0.56 kg/ha had essentially no effect on soybean plant injury and did not reduce yields significantly.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Trifluralin incorporated at 0.56 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- plant injurye5
- Qualifier
- did not reduce yields significantlye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e5“Trifluralin incorporated at 0.56 kg/ha and vernolate injected at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha had essentially no effect on plant injury and did not reduce yields significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha had essentially no effect on soybean plant injury and did not reduce yields significantly.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- vernolate injected at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- plant injurye5
- Qualifier
- did not reduce yields significantlye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e5“Trifluralin incorporated at 0.56 kg/ha and vernolate injected at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha had essentially no effect on plant injury and did not reduce yields significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha reduced average yields of soybean by 10.5% relative to weed-free soybeans.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- trifluralin at 1.12 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- yieldse6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 10.5e6
- Comparator
- weed-free soybeanse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e6“Average yields of weed-free soybeans for 2 yr were reduced 10.5, 8.6, and 14.0%, respectively, by (a) trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and (b) incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporated vernolate at 2.24 kg/ha reduced average yields of soybean by 8.6% relative to weed-free soybeans.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- incorporated vernolate at 2.24e6
- Outcome
- yieldse6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 8.6e6
- Comparator
- weed-free soybeanse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e6“Average yields of weed-free soybeans for 2 yr were reduced 10.5, 8.6, and 14.0%, respectively, by (a) trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and (b) incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha reduced average yields of soybean by 14.0% relative to weed-free soybeans.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- yieldse6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 14.0e6
- Comparator
- weed-free soybeanse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e6“Average yields of weed-free soybeans for 2 yr were reduced 10.5, 8.6, and 14.0%, respectively, by (a) trifluralin at 1.12 kg/ha and (b) incorporated vernolate at 2.24 and 4.48 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected vernolate significantly increased soybean emergence compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- injected vernolatee7
- Outcome
- soybean emergencee7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- compared to other treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e7“However, injected vernolate (compared to other treatments) significantly increased soybean emergence, reduced plant injury, and increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected vernolate significantly reduced soybean plant injury compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- injected vernolatee7
- Outcome
- plant injurye7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Comparator
- compared to other treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e7“However, injected vernolate (compared to other treatments) significantly increased soybean emergence, reduced plant injury, and increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected vernolate significantly increased soybean yields compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- injected vernolatee7
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- compared to other treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Soybeans”
e7“However, injected vernolate (compared to other treatments) significantly increased soybean emergence, reduced plant injury, and increased yields”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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See all 24 papers →vernolate · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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See all 6 papers →vernolate · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.