Abstract
Abstract Field experiments were initiated near Colt, AR, in the fall of 2016 and continued through the summer of 2018 to evaluate rice tolerance and weedy (or red) rice control after fall-applied very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicides. A split-plot design was used for the experiment, with the whole-plot factor being winter condition (flooded or non-flooded) and the split-plot factors being herbicide and rate. Herbicide treatments included acetochlor, dimethenamid-P, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, and S -metolachlor applied at 1,050, 525, 420, 205, and 1,070 g ai ha −1 and at 2,100, 1,050, 840, 410, and 2,140 g ha −1 for low rates and high rates, respectively. Herbicides were applied in the fall, then ‘CL172’ rice was drill seeded in the spring of the following calendar year. Weedy rice control differed between years, but acetochlor and pyroxasulfone consistently provided the greatest levels of control across rates and flood conditions. Consequently, herbicides that best controlled weedy rice also caused the greatest injury to cultivated rice. Rice injury did not exceed 13% regardless of herbicide treatment at 3 wk after planting (WAP). However, the high rate of pyroxasulfone caused 20% rice injury at 5 WAP in 2018. Although it was expected that winter condition may affect residual activity of the VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides, herbicide selection and application rate both had much greater effects on rice injury and on weedy rice control. Based on these results, rice injury would be minimal or nonexistent after fall applications of the tested VLCFA inhibitors, and intermediate levels of weedy rice control may be achieved. The implementation of VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides in rice production systems would offer a novel herbicide site of action and offer a degree of selective control of weedy rice.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor and pyroxasulfone gave the greatest weedy rice control across rates and flood conditions.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- acetochlor and pyroxasulfonee1
- Interactor
- weedy ricee1weed
- Outcome
- weedy rice controle1
- Direction
- greateste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Weedy rice control differed between years, but acetochlor and pyroxasulfone consistently provided the greatest levels of control across rates and flood conditions”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicides that best controlled weedy rice also caused the greatest injury to cultivated rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- herbicidese2
- Interactor
- weedy ricee2weed
- Outcome
- injury to cultivated ricee2
- Direction
- greateste2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“herbicides that best controlled weedy rice also caused the greatest injury to cultivated rice”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice injury did not exceed 13% at 3 weeks after planting regardless of herbicide treatment.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Rice injurye3
- Value
- 13%e3
- Qualifier
- at 3 wk after planting (WAP)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Rice injury did not exceed 13% regardless of herbicide treatment at 3 wk after planting (WAP)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The high rate of pyroxasulfone caused 20% rice injury at 5 weeks after planting in 2018.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high rate of pyroxasulfonee4
- Outcome
- rice injurye4
- Value
- 20%e4
- Qualifier
- at 5 WAP in 2018e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“However, the high rate of pyroxasulfone caused 20% rice injury at 5 WAP in 2018”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide selection and application rate had much greater effects on rice injury and weedy rice control than winter condition.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- herbicide selection and application ratee5
- Interactor
- weedy ricee5weed
- Outcome
- rice injury and on weedy rice controle5
- Direction
- much greatere5
- Comparator
- winter conditione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Although it was expected that winter condition may affect residual activity of the VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides, herbicide selection and application rate both had much greater effects on rice injury and on weedy rice control”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall applications of the tested VLCFA inhibitors would give minimal rice injury and intermediate weedy rice control.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- fall applications of the tested VLCFA inhibitorse6
- Outcome
- rice injurye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Based on these results, rice injury would be minimal or nonexistent after fall applications of the tested VLCFA inhibitors, and intermediate levels of weedy rice control may be achieved”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
pyroxasulfone · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
acetochlor · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.