Abstract
Core Ideas Applying poultry litter to the top of cover crop residue increased lint yield in drier years. This practice enhanced cotton lint yield, soil C, and soil health. This practice reduced NO 3 –N and water‐soluble P by 49 and 22% in 5‐cm soil depth, a zone of plant–soil–water interactions. The influence of poultry litter (PL) and cover crops have under no‐till cropping systems in Mississippi upland soils on cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield and subsequent soil health are largely unknown. A 4‐yr field study was conducted to determine the effect of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cover crop and PL on cotton lint yield in narrow (0.75 m) and conventional (1.01 m) row spacings. The experimental design was split‐split plot with three replications. The cover crop treatment was assigned to the main plots. Within the cover crop treatment, a narrow row spacing compared to conventional row spacing as subplots. Fertilization treatments included unfertilized control, inorganic N fertilizer (112 kg N ha −1 ) and PL (6.7 Mg ha −1 ). Lint yield was significantly greater with PL than inorganic fertilizer each year. Lint yield in a dry season was significantly greater with cover crop treatment. However, following the cessation of PL in 2017, lint yield increased by 12% in the absence of cover crop residue. As compared to unfertilized control, applying PL in the presence of cover crop residue enhanced soil C by 22% and water aggregate stability by 7.4% and reduced soil penetration resistance and bulk density by 9 and 3.5%, respectively. Applying PL for 3 years increased soil levels of both gram‐negative bacteria, 16S rRNA, and ureC , while planting cover crop doubled heterotrophic plate count bacteria. Integration of PL and cover crop residue in a no‐till cotton increased lint yield and improved soil quality indicators.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter increased cotton lint yield significantly compared with inorganic fertilizer each year.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- PLe0
- Outcome
- Lint yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lint yield was significantly greater with PL than inorganic fertilizer each year.”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop treatment significantly increased cotton lint yield in a dry season.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- cover crop treatmente0
- Outcome
- Lint yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- in a dry seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lint yield in a dry season was significantly greater with cover crop treatment.”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Following cessation of poultry litter, cotton lint yield increased 12% without cover crop residue in 2017.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- absence of cover crop residuee0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Qualifier
- following the cessation of PL in 2017e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“following the cessation of PL in 2017, lint yield increased by 12% in the absence of cover crop residue”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter with cover crop residue increased soil C by 22% over the unfertilized control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- applying PL in the presence of cover crop residuee0
- Outcome
- soil Ce0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to unfertilized control, applying PL in the presence of cover crop residue enhanced soil C by 22%”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter with cover crop residue increased soil water aggregate stability by 7.4% over the unfertilized control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- applying PL in the presence of cover crop residuee0
- Outcome
- water aggregate stabilitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 7.4%e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to unfertilized control, applying PL in the presence of cover crop residue enhanced soil C by 22% and water aggregate stability by 7.4%”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter with cover crop residue reduced soil penetration resistance by 9% over the unfertilized control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- applying PL in the presence of cover crop residuee0
- Outcome
- soil penetration resistancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 9e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to unfertilized control, applying PL in the presence of cover crop residue enhanced soil C by 22% and water aggregate stability by 7.4% and reduced soil penetration resistance and bulk density by 9 and 3.5%, respectively.”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter with cover crop residue reduced soil bulk density by 3.5% over the unfertilized control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- applying PL in the presence of cover crop residuee0
- Outcome
- bulk densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3.5%e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to unfertilized control, applying PL in the presence of cover crop residue enhanced soil C by 22% and water aggregate stability by 7.4% and reduced soil penetration resistance and bulk density by 9 and 3.5%, respectively.”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Three years of poultry litter increased soil gram-negative bacteria, 16S rRNA and ureC levels.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Applying PL for 3 yearse0
- Outcome
- soil levels of both gram‐negative bacteria, 16S rRNA, and ureCe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying PL for 3 years increased soil levels of both gram‐negative bacteria, 16S rRNA, and ureC”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting a cover crop doubled soil heterotrophic plate count bacteria.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- planting cover crope0
- Outcome
- heterotrophic plate count bacteriae0
- Direction
- doublede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“planting cover crop doubled heterotrophic plate count bacteria”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated poultry litter and cover crop system reduced soil nitrate N by 49% at 5-cm depth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- This practicee0
- Outcome
- NO 3 –Ne0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 49e0
- Qualifier
- 5‐cm soil depthe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This practice reduced NO 3 –N and water‐soluble P by 49 and 22% in 5‐cm soil depth”
e1“This practice enhanced cotton lint yield, soil C, and soil health.”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated poultry litter and cover crop system reduced soil water-soluble P by 22% at 5-cm depth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- This practicee0
- Outcome
- water‐soluble Pe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Qualifier
- 5‐cm soil depthe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This practice reduced NO 3 –N and water‐soluble P by 49 and 22% in 5‐cm soil depth”
e1“This practice enhanced cotton lint yield, soil C, and soil health.”
The same questions in other papers
cover crop · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →organic · disease · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
organic · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →organic · soil: physics · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.