Abstract
Drought and nitrogen (N) deficiency are two major limiting factors for forest productivity in many ecosystems. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the influence of soil N availability on drought responses of tree species is crucial to improve tree growth under drought. The root proliferation under drought was enhanced by adequate N application. Vessel frequency in xylem increased upon drought, with more significant increase under adequate N conditions compared with that under low N conditions, possibly leading to increased hydraulic safety. Nitrogen application under drought increased indole acetic acid (IAA), which contributed to the adaptive changes of xylem. Nitrogen application increased leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, therefore regulated stomata adjustment, and promoted intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi). Moreover, N application promoted antioxidant defense in leaves by showing increased level of free proline and carotenoid, which improved drought tolerance and growth performance of poplars. Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency. Adequate N application promoted adaptive changes of root and xylem under drought and increased hydraulic safety. Nitrogen addition under drought also increased leaf ABA level which may regulate stomata adjustment and promote WUEi. Moreover, nitrogen application improved antioxidant defense in leaves with increased levels of antioxidants. These positive regulations improved drought tolerance and growth performance of poplars.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Adequate N application enhanced root proliferation under drought in poplar.
PopulusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The root proliferation under drought was enhanced by adequate N application”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Vessel frequency in xylem of poplar increased under drought.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Vessel frequency in xylem increased upon drought, with more significant increase under adequate N conditions compared with that under low N conditions, possibly leading to increased hydraulic safety”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Increase in xylem vessel frequency under drought was larger under adequate N than under low N.
- Organ / stage
- xyleme2
- Treatment
- adequate N conditionse2
- Outcome
- Vessel frequency in xyleme2
- Direction
- more significant increasee2
- Comparator
- low N conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Vessel frequency in xylem increased upon drought, with more significant increase under adequate N conditions compared with that under low N conditions, possibly leading to increased hydraulic safety”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased xylem vessel frequency possibly leads to increased hydraulic safety in poplar.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Vessel frequency in xylem increased upon drought, with more significant increase under adequate N conditions compared with that under low N conditions, possibly leading to increased hydraulic safety”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application under drought increased indole acetic acid (IAA) in poplar.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Nitrogen application under drought increased indole acetic acid (IAA), which contributed to the adaptive changes of xylem”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Indole acetic acid contributed to adaptive changes of poplar xylem.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Nitrogen application under drought increased indole acetic acid (IAA), which contributed to the adaptive changes of xylem”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in poplar.
- Organ / stage
- leafe4
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione4
- Outcome
- leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentratione4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Nitrogen application increased leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, therefore regulated stomata adjustment, and promoted intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi)”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid regulated stomata adjustment in poplar.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Nitrogen application increased leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, therefore regulated stomata adjustment, and promoted intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi)”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application promoted intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) in poplar.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Nitrogen application increased leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, therefore regulated stomata adjustment, and promoted intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi)”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
N application promoted antioxidant defense in poplar leaves.
- Organ / stage
- leavese5
- Treatment
- N applicatione5
- Outcome
- antioxidant defense in leavese5
- Direction
- promotede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“N application promoted antioxidant defense in leaves by showing increased level of free proline and carotenoid, which improved drought tolerance and growth performance of poplars”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
N application increased free proline and carotenoid levels in poplar leaves.
- Organ / stage
- leavese5
- Treatment
- N applicatione5
- Outcome
- level of free proline and carotenoide5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“N application promoted antioxidant defense in leaves by showing increased level of free proline and carotenoid, which improved drought tolerance and growth performance of poplars”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
N application improved drought tolerance and growth performance of poplar.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“N application promoted antioxidant defense in leaves by showing increased level of free proline and carotenoid, which improved drought tolerance and growth performance of poplars”
e7“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
N deficiency suppressed anatomical and physiological responses of poplar to drought.
- Treatment
- N deficiencye1
- Outcome
- Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to droughte1
- Direction
- suppressede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Anatomical and physiological responses of Populus to drought were suppressed by N deficiency”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.