Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and low temperature promote the accumulation of anthocyanins, which give apple skins their red colour. Although many transcription regulators have been characterized in the UV-B and low-temperature pathways, their interregulation and synergistic effects are not well understood. Here, a B-box transcription factor gene, MdBBX20, was characterized in apple and identified to promote anthocyanin biosynthesis under UV-B conditions in field experiments and when overexpressed in transgenic apple calli. The transcript level of MdBBX20 was significantly induced by UV-B. Specific G-box elements in the promoters of target genes were identified as interaction sites for MdBBX20. Further experimental interrogation of the UV-B signalling pathways showed that MdBBX20 could interact with MdHY5 in vitro and in vivo and that this interaction was required to significantly enhance the promoter activity of MdMYB1. MdBBX20 also responded to low temperature (14°C) with the participation of MdbHLH3, which directly bound a low temperature-response cis elements in the MdBBX20 promoter. These findings demonstrate the molecular mechanism by which MdBBX20 integrates low-temperature- and UV-B-induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple skin.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B promoted apple-skin anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Organ / stage
- apple skinse0
- Treatment
- Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiatione0
- Outcome
- accumulation of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and low temperature promote the accumulation of anthocyanins, which give apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature promoted apple-skin anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Organ / stage
- apple skinse0
- Treatment
- low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- accumulation of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and low temperature promote the accumulation of anthocyanins, which give apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
MdBBX20 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis under UV-B in field apple experiments.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Gene
- MdBBX20e0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin biosynthesise0
- Direction
- promotee0
- Qualifier
- under UV-B conditions in field experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MdBBX20, was characterized in apple and identified to promote anthocyanin biosynthesis under UV-B conditions in field experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressed MdBBX20 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis in transgenic apple calli.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Organ / stage
- apple callie0
- Treatment
- overexpressede0
- Gene
- MdBBX20e2
- Outcome
- anthocyanin biosynthesise1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when overexpressed in transgenic apple calli”
e1“MdBBX20, was characterized in apple and identified to promote anthocyanin biosynthesis”
e2“MdBBX20, was characterized in apple and identified to promote anthocyanin biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B significantly induced MdBBX20 transcript levels.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- UV-Be0
- Gene
- MdBBX20e0
- Outcome
- transcript level of MdBBX20e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcript level of MdBBX20 was significantly induced by UV-B”
t0“apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
Specific promoter G-box elements were identified as MdBBX20 interaction sites.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- MdBBX20e0
- Outcome
- interaction sitese0
- Qualifier
- Specific G-box elements in the promoters of target genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Specific G-box elements in the promoters of target genes were identified as interaction sites for MdBBX20”
t0“apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
MdBBX20 interacted with MdHY5 in vitro and in vivo.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- MdBBX20e0
- Outcome
- interact with MdHY5e0
- Setting
- in vitro and in vivoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MdBBX20 could interact with MdHY5 in vitro and in vivo”
t0“apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
The MdBBX20–MdHY5 interaction was required for significant enhancement of MdMYB1 promoter activity.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- MdMYB1e0
- Outcome
- promoter activity of MdMYB1e0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Qualifier
- this interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this interaction was required to significantly enhance the promoter activity of MdMYB1”
t0“apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
MdBBX20 responded to 14°C with MdbHLH3 participation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low temperature (14°C)e0
- Gene
- MdBBX20e0
- Outcome
- MdBBX20e0
- Qualifier
- participation of MdbHLH3e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MdBBX20 also responded to low temperature (14°C) with the participation of MdbHLH3”
t0“apple skins their red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
MdbHLH3 directly bound a cold-response element in the MdBBX20 promoter.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- MdbHLH3e0
- Outcome
- bound a low temperature-response cis elements in the MdBBX20 promotere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MdbHLH3, which directly bound a low temperature-response cis elements in the MdBBX20 promoter”
t0“apple skins their red colour”
The same questions in other papers
uv · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →uv · molecular: expression · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
radiation · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →cold · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.