Abstract
Abstract It is well established that dicamba can cause severe injury to soybean that is not resistant to dicamba. Dicamba-resistant (DR) cotton became available in 2015, followed by DR soybean in 2016; in late 2016 came the release of new dicamba formulations approved for topical use in cotton and soybeans. Until this approval, use of dicamba was limited to primarily corn, small grains, range and pasture, and eco-fallow acres. Hence, studies were conducted in 2015 and 2016 to examine off-target movement of two dicamba formulations using non-DR soybean as a bio-indicator. Diglycolamine (DGA) and N , N -Bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine (BAPMA) dicamba were applied simultaneously at 560 g ae ha –1 in the center of two side-by-side 8-ha fields to vegetative glufosinate-resistant soybean. On the same day, a rate response experiment was established encompassing nine different dicamba rates of each formulation. Results from the rate response experiment indicate that soybean is equally sensitive to DGA and BAPMA dicamba. In 2015, a rain event occurring 6 to 8 h after application of the large drift trial probably limited off-target movement by incorporating some of the herbicide into the soil. As a result, secondary drift was less in 2015 than in 2016. However, minimal secondary injury (<5%) occurred 12 m farther into DGA dicamba plots in 2015. In 2016, secondary movement was decreased by 72 m when BAPMA dicamba was used compared to DGA dicamba. Appreciable secondary movement of both DGA and BAPMA dicamba is possible following in-crop applications of either formulated product to soybean in early to mid-summer. Additionally, the risk for secondary movement of BAPMA dicamba is slightly less than for DGA dicamba.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean was equally sensitive to DGA and BAPMA dicamba.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- DGA and BAPMA dicambae0
- Outcome
- soybean is equally sensitivee0
- Direction
- equallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean is equally sensitive to DGA and BAPMA dicamba”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary dicamba drift was lower in 2015 than 2016.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- secondary drifte0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- 2016e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“secondary drift was less in 2015 than in 2016”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimal secondary injury extended 12 m farther into DGA plots in 2015.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimal secondary injury (<5%) occurred 12 m farther into DGA dicamba plots in 2015”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
BAPMA reduced secondary movement by 72 m relative to DGA in 2016.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- BAPMA dicambae0
- Outcome
- secondary movemente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 72 me0
- Comparator
- DGA dicambae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2016, secondary movement was decreased by 72 m when BAPMA dicamba was used compared to DGA dicamba”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Appreciable secondary movement is possible after in-crop use of either formulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- DGA and BAPMA dicambae0
- Outcome
- Appreciable secondary movemente0
- Qualifier
- early to mid-summere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Appreciable secondary movement of both DGA and BAPMA dicamba is possible following in-crop applications of either formulated product to soybean in early to mid-summer”
The same questions in other papers
dicamba · organism · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.