Abstract
The effect of soil-applied Allium crop products on the Stromatinia cepivora viability and the incidence of white rot in subsequent onion and garlic crops were evaluated in this work. The tested products were onion powder, garlic powder, onion oil, garlic oil and Allium waste (onion and garlic) that are described as sclerotial germination stimulants. Under in vitro conditions, data revealed that more than 80% of the sclerotia died in the soil treated with sclerotial germination stimulants. Under greenhouse conditions, soil-artificially infested with sclerotia of S. cepivora and treated with sclerotial germination stimulants for 6-months before cultivation, significantly reduced the incidence of white rot on onion and garlic. Onion oil, garlic oil and Allium waste were the most effective treatments, decreasing disease incidence by 78.6% in onion and 80.0% in garlic. Under field conditions, sclerotial germination stimulants were incorporated into the soil in commercial fields naturally infested with S. cepivora. Two fields were chosen based on differential sclerotial density. Within 6 months after treatment, more than 70% of the sclerotia died in the plots treated with sclerotial germination stimulants. In subsequent onion and garlic crops planted approximately one year after soil treatment, sclerotial germination stimulants were more effective than the control in reducing white rot symptoms coupled with low inoculum density (45.9 sclerotia/kg of soil). Reduction of white rot disease was accompanied by increased of growth and bulbs yield of onion and garlic plants. Despite the efficacy of sclerotial germination stimulants to reduce populations of viable sclerotia in soil with a high inoculum density (594.7 sclerotia/kg of soil), the pathogen caused substantial white rot and yield losses in subsequent onion and garlic crops planted approximately one year after soil treatment.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Stimulants killed more than 80% of sclerotia in vitro.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- sclerotial germination stimulantse0
- Outcome
- sclerotia diede0
- Direction
- diede0
- Value
- more than 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more than 80% of the sclerotia died in the soil treated with sclerotial germination stimulants”
t0“in onion and garlic crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Stimulants reduced onion white rot incidence.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- sclerotial germination stimulantse1
- Outcome
- incidence of white rote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly reduced the incidence of white rot on onion and garlic”
e1“treated with sclerotial germination stimulants for 6-months before cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Stimulants reduced garlic white rot incidence.
- Taxon
- garlic
Allium sativume0 - Treatment
- sclerotial germination stimulantse1
- Outcome
- incidence of white rote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly reduced the incidence of white rot on onion and garlic”
e1“treated with sclerotial germination stimulants for 6-months before cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Oils and Allium waste decreased onion disease incidence by 78.6%.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Onion oil, garlic oil and Allium wastee0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 78.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion oil, garlic oil and Allium waste were the most effective treatments, decreasing disease incidence by 78.6% in onion and 80.0% in garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Oils and Allium waste decreased garlic disease incidence by 80.0%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- Onion oil, garlic oil and Allium wastee0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 80.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion oil, garlic oil and Allium waste were the most effective treatments, decreasing disease incidence by 78.6% in onion and 80.0% in garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
More than 70% of sclerotia died in treated field plots.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- sclerotial germination stimulantse0
- Outcome
- sclerotia diede0
- Direction
- diede0
- Value
- more than 70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Within 6 months after treatment, more than 70% of the sclerotia died in the plots treated with sclerotial germination stimulants”
t0“in onion and garlic crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Stimulants reduced onion white rot symptoms at low inoculum density.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- sclerotial germination stimulantse0
- Outcome
- white rot symptomse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- low inoculum density (45.9 sclerotia/kg of soil)e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subsequent onion and garlic crops planted approximately one year after soil treatment, sclerotial germination stimulants were more effective than the control in reducing white rot symptoms coupled with low inoculum density (45.9 sclerotia/kg of soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stimulants reduced garlic white rot symptoms at low inoculum density.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- sclerotial germination stimulantse0
- Outcome
- white rot symptomse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subsequent onion and garlic crops planted approximately one year after soil treatment, sclerotial germination stimulants were more effective than the control in reducing white rot symptoms coupled with low inoculum density (45.9 sclerotia/kg of soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease reduction accompanied increased onion growth and bulb yield.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- growth and bulbs yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Reduction of white rot diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction of white rot disease was accompanied by increased of growth and bulbs yield of onion and garlic plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease reduction accompanied increased garlic growth and bulb yield.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Outcome
- growth and bulbs yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Reduction of white rot diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction of white rot disease was accompanied by increased of growth and bulbs yield of onion and garlic plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Substantial white rot and yield losses occurred in onion at high inoculum density.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- substantial white rot and yield lossese0
- Qualifier
- high inoculum density (594.7 sclerotia/kg of soil)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high inoculum density (594.7 sclerotia/kg of soil), the pathogen caused substantial white rot and yield losses in subsequent onion and garlic crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Substantial white rot and yield losses occurred in garlic at high inoculum density.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Outcome
- substantial white rot and yield lossese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high inoculum density (594.7 sclerotia/kg of soil), the pathogen caused substantial white rot and yield losses in subsequent onion and garlic crops”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.