Abstract
The feasibility of using split-N applications for managing yield and protein of wheat grown on dryland was studied in a field experiment initiated on a sandy loam and silt loam near Swift Current. Spring wheat was grown on wheat stubble and was fertilized at seeding with 0,20,40, 60, and 80 kg N/ha. In addition, five N topdressing treatments were applied at the five-leaf, flagleaf, and anthesis to the plots receiving 0 and 80 kg N/ha at time of seeding. Topdressing treatments were 5 kg N/ha as urea-ammonium nitrate solution (UAN) foliar applied; 10 kg N as urea broadcast or UAN dribble banded onto the soil surface; 20 kg N/ha as urea broadcast; and 20 kg N/ha as UAN dribble banded. One set of plots received no topdressing treatment (Check). In general, because of the low soil NOJ-N and high soil moisture in the spring, and adequate rains during the growing season, grain yields had large responses to N applied at seeding. Grain protein decreased with the first 20 to 40 kg N/ha applied at seeding due to yield dilution, and increased above that of the unfertilized check at fertilization rates of 60 or more kg N/ha. Nitrogen topdressing early in the growing season to unfertilized crops increased both protein and yield, and increased protein only when applied later in the growing season. Nitrogen topdressing the crops that were fertilized with N had no effect on grain yield and caused a small increase on grain protein. Soil applied N topdressings tended to be less effective than foliar application because they did not receive timely rains and adequate surface soil moisture to make the fertilizer available to the crop. Foliar applied UAN, although effective in increasing protein, may produce leaf burn, which in turn may reduce grain yields and protein.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen applied at seeding substantially increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- N applied at seedinge0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
Not reportedComparatorSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yields had large responses to N applied at seeding”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The first 20 to 40 kg N/ha at seeding decreased grain protein.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- first 20 to 40 kg N/ha applied at seedinge0
- Outcome
- Grain proteine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- due to yield dilutione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain protein decreased with the first 20 to 40 kg N/ha applied at seeding due to yield dilution”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 60 or more kg N/ha at seeding, grain protein exceeded the unfertilized check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 or more kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- Grain proteine1
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- unfertilized checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased above that of the unfertilized check at fertilization rates of 60 or more kg N/ha”
e1“Grain protein decreased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Early nitrogen topdressing of unfertilized crops increased protein and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen topdressing early in the growing seasone0
- Outcome
- protein and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- unfertilized cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen topdressing early in the growing season to unfertilized crops increased both protein and yield”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late nitrogen topdressing of unfertilized crops increased protein only.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- applied later in the growing seasone0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased protein only when applied later in the growing season”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen topdressing of previously fertilized crops did not change grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen topdressinge0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Comparator
- crops that were fertilized with Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen topdressing the crops that were fertilized with N had no effect on grain yield”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen topdressing of previously fertilized crops slightly increased grain protein.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain proteine0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- smalle0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“caused a small increase on grain protein”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil applied nitrogen topdressings tended to be less effective than foliar application.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Soil applied N topdressingse0
- Outcome
- less effectivee0
- Direction
- less effectivee0
- Comparator
- foliar applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil applied N topdressings tended to be less effective than foliar application”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar UAN increased protein but could cause leaf burn and reduce yield and protein.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar applied UANe0
- Outcome
- leaf burne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applied UAN, although effective in increasing protein, may produce leaf burn, which in turn may reduce grain yields and protein”
t0“wheat”
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