Abstract
The biological control process mediated by microbes relies on multiple interactions among plants, pathogens and biocontrol agents (BCAs). One such efficient BCA is Bacillus cereus AR156, a bacterial strain that controls a broad spectrum of plant diseases and potentially works as a microbe elicitor of plant immune reactions. It remains unclear, however, whether the interaction between plants and B. cereus AR156 may facilitate composition changes of plant root exudates and whether these changes directly affect the growth of both plant pathogens and B. cereus AR156 itself. Here, we addressed these questions by analyzing the influences of root exudate changes mediated by B. cereus AR156 during biocontrol against tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Indeed, some upregulated metabolites in tomato root exudates induced by B. cereus AR156 (REB), such as lactic acid and hexanoic acid, induced the growth and motile ability of in vitro B. cereus AR156 cells. Exogenously applying hexanoic acid and lactic acid to tomato plants showed positive biocontrol efficacy (46.6% and 39.36%) against tomato bacterial wilt, compared with 51.02% by B. cereus AR156 itself. Furthermore, fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine at specific concentrations stimulated the biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156 in Luria-Bertan- Glycerol- Magnesium medium (LBGM), and we also detected more colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surface after adding these four compounds to the system. These observations suggest that the ability of B. cereus AR156 to induce some specific components in plant root exudates was probably involved in further biocontrol processes.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus cereus AR156 increased some metabolites in tomato root exudates, including lactic and hexanoic acids.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- B. cereus AR156e0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156
Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- metabolites in tomato root exudatese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some upregulated metabolites in tomato root exudates induced by B. cereus AR156 (REB), such as lactic acid and hexanoic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactic acid induced in vitro growth and motility of Bacillus cereus AR156.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- lactic acide0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth and motile ability of in vitro B. cereus AR156 cellse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lactic acid and hexanoic acid, induced the growth and motile ability of in vitro B. cereus AR156 cells”
e1“tomato root exudates”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexanoic acid induced in vitro growth and motility of Bacillus cereus AR156.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- hexanoic acide0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth and motile ability of in vitro B. cereus AR156 cellse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lactic acid and hexanoic acid, induced the growth and motile ability of in vitro B. cereus AR156 cells”
e1“tomato root exudates”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied hexanoic acid achieved 46.6% biocontrol efficacy against tomato bacterial wilt.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- hexanoic acide0
- Interactor
- tomato bacterial wilte0pathogen
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- 46.6%e0
- Comparator
- B. cereus AR156e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenously applying hexanoic acid and lactic acid to tomato plants showed positive biocontrol efficacy (46.6% and 39.36%) against tomato bacterial wilt, compared with 51.02% by B. cereus AR156 itself”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied lactic acid achieved 39.36% biocontrol efficacy against tomato bacterial wilt.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lactic acide0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- 39.36%e0
- Comparator
- B. cereus AR156e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenously applying hexanoic acid and lactic acid to tomato plants showed positive biocontrol efficacy (46.6% and 39.36%) against tomato bacterial wilt, compared with 51.02% by B. cereus AR156 itself”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus cereus AR156 itself achieved 51.02% biocontrol efficacy against tomato bacterial wilt.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- B. cereus AR156e0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- 51.02%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato plants showed positive biocontrol efficacy (46.6% and 39.36%) against tomato bacterial wilt, compared with 51.02% by B. cereus AR156 itself”
Claim · model-written summary
Fructose stimulated Bacillus cereus AR156 biofilm formation at specific concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- fructosee0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156e0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- at specific concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine at specific concentrations stimulated the biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156 in Luria-Bertan- Glycerol- Magnesium medium (LBGM)”
e1“tomato root surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactic acid stimulated Bacillus cereus AR156 biofilm formation at specific concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- lactic acide0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156e0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- at specific concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine at specific concentrations stimulated the biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156 in Luria-Bertan- Glycerol- Magnesium medium (LBGM)”
e1“tomato root surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose stimulated Bacillus cereus AR156 biofilm formation at specific concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- sucrosee0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156e0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- at specific concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine at specific concentrations stimulated the biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156 in Luria-Bertan- Glycerol- Magnesium medium (LBGM)”
e1“tomato root surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Threonine stimulated Bacillus cereus AR156 biofilm formation at specific concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- threoninee0
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156e0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- at specific concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine at specific concentrations stimulated the biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156 in Luria-Bertan- Glycerol- Magnesium medium (LBGM)”
e1“tomato root surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding fructose increased Bacillus cereus AR156 colonization of tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- fructosee1
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surfacee0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surface after adding these four compounds to the system”
e1“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding lactic acid increased Bacillus cereus AR156 colonization of tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lactic acide1
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surfacee0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surface after adding these four compounds to the system”
e1“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding sucrose increased Bacillus cereus AR156 colonization of tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- sucrosee1
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surfacee0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surface after adding these four compounds to the system”
e1“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding threonine increased Bacillus cereus AR156 colonization of tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- threoninee1
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surfacee0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surface after adding these four compounds to the system”
e1“fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest AR156 induced root exudate components probably participate in further biocontrol.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- B. cereus AR156Bacillus cereuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- further biocontrol processese0
- Qualifier
- probably involvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ability of B. cereus AR156 to induce some specific components in plant root exudates was probably involved in further biocontrol processes”
e1“tomato root surface”
The same questions in other papers
Bacillus cereus · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Bacillus cereus · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.