Abstract
The rhizosphere bacterium ZKB-2 showed strong nematostatic activity against Meloidogyne incognita. Our study aimed to identify the nematostatic metabolites and evaluate the biocontrol efficiency in pot experiments. As the bacterial culture filtrate showed 100% nematostatic activity against M. incognita juveniles in 12 hr, we isolated and identified six compounds following activity guiding. 3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dione showed 58.9% and 72.2% nematostatic activities against juveniles of M. incognita in 12 and 48 hr, with strong LC50 value at 447 μg mL-1. In pot experiments, treatments with the bacterial culture filtrate of strain ZKB-2 showed significant efficacy, especially at doses of 150 mL/pot, which were close to that of avermectin (positive control) at 0.01 g kg-1 soil. The most effective treatment inhibited 85.1% population of juveniles of M. incognita in the roots and 76.9% in the rhizosphere soil after 30 days. Furthermore, the promoting tomato growth also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Our results revealed the potential of strain ZKB-2 to act as a biocontrol agent in the integrated management of root-knot nematodes on tomatoes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
ZKB-2 showed strong nematostatic activity against M. incognita.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Second interactor
- ZKB-2e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- nematostatic activity against Meloidogyne incognitae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The rhizosphere bacterium ZKB-2 showed strong nematostatic activity against Meloidogyne incognita.”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial culture filtrate showed 100% nematostatic activity against M. incognita juveniles in 12 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- bacterial culture filtratee0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- nematostatic activity against M. incognita juvenilese0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Qualifier
- 12 hre0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the bacterial culture filtrate showed 100% nematostatic activity against M. incognita juveniles in 12 hr”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Six active compounds were isolated and identified from the filtrate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- compoundse0
- Value
- six compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we isolated and identified six compounds following activity guiding”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dione had 58.9% nematostatic activity against M. incognita juveniles at 12 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- 3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dionee0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- nematostatic activities against juveniles of M. incognitae0
- Value
- 58.9%e0
- Qualifier
- 12e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dione showed 58.9% and 72.2% nematostatic activities against juveniles of M. incognita in 12 and 48 hr”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dione had 72.2% nematostatic activity against M. incognita juveniles at 48 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- 3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dionee0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- nematostatic activities against juveniles of M. incognitae0
- Value
- 72.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 48 hre0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dione showed 58.9% and 72.2% nematostatic activities against juveniles of M. incognita in 12 and 48 hr”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The compound had an LC50 of 447 μg mL-1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- 3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dionee1
- Outcome
- LC50e0
- Value
- 447 μg mL-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with strong LC50 value at 447 μg mL-1”
e1“3-methoxycyclobutane-1, 2-dione”
e2“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
ZKB-2 filtrate had significant control efficacy in pot experiments, especially at 150 mL/pot, close to avermectin.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- bacterial culture filtrate of strain ZKB-2e0
- Interactor
- ZKB-2e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- efficacye0
- Direction
- close toe0
- Value
- 150 mL/pote0
- Comparator
- avermectine0
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In pot experiments, treatments with the bacterial culture filtrate of strain ZKB-2 showed significant efficacy, especially at doses of 150 mL/pot, which were close to that of avermectin (positive control) at 0.01 g kg-1 soil.”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The most effective treatment inhibited 85.1% of M. incognita juveniles in roots after 30 days.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- The most effective treatmente0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- population of juveniles of M. incognita in the rootse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 85.1%e0
- Qualifier
- after 30 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most effective treatment inhibited 85.1% population of juveniles of M. incognita in the roots and 76.9% in the rhizosphere soil after 30 days.”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The most effective treatment inhibited 76.9% of M. incognita juveniles in rhizosphere soil after 30 days.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- The most effective treatmente0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- population of juveniles of M. incognita in the roots and 76.9% in the rhizosphere soile0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 76.9%e0
- Qualifier
- after 30 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most effective treatment inhibited 85.1% population of juveniles of M. incognita in the roots and 76.9% in the rhizosphere soil after 30 days.”
e1“tomato growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato growth promotion increased significantly with dose.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- bacterial culture filtrate of strain ZKB-2e1
- Outcome
- promoting tomato growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- dose-dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the promoting tomato growth also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner.”
e1“bacterial culture filtrate of strain ZKB-2”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose ZKB-2 as a potential biocontrol agent for root-knot nematodes on tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynee0pathogen
- Second interactor
- strain ZKB-2e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- integrated management of root-knot nematodese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results revealed the potential of strain ZKB-2 to act as a biocontrol agent in the integrated management of root-knot nematodes on tomatoes.”
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