Abstract
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impacts of the amendment of industrial landfill sludge (ILS) in two different soils with cultivation of sunflower and sorghum plants. The plants grew in two types of soils (Typic Paleudult—TP, and Grossarenic Hapludult—GH) with different doses of ILS (0, 2, 5, 10, and 20 Mg ha −1 ). The evaluation of the pH, electrical conductivity, available concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na, and the hydrolysis of FDA in the soils were tested. The height and dry mass of both plants were measured, as well as the stem diameter of the sunflower. The total concentration of Cu, Cd, Cr, and Pb was evaluated in the plants and soils, in addition to the translocation factor of those in the plants. The amendment of ILS in the soils was efficient to increase the pH and macronutrients, as to increase the biomass production. The largest production occurred with 10 Mg ha −1 , and the highest dose (20 Mg ha −1 ) had negative effects in all treatments. Both plants had low accumulation of Cu, Cd, and Pb in their tissues. Cr increased in the roots of sunflower plants (especially in the TP soil) without translocation to the shoots. The amendment of ILS in soils is an alternative to disposal with benefits to plants and soil quality. TP soil presented better results, being more secure to receive the sludge due to its higher content of clay when compared to the GH soil.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge amendment increased soil pH and macronutrients.
- Treatment
- amendment of ILSe1
- Outcome
- pH and macronutrientse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- different doses of ILSe0
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e0“with different doses of ILS (0, 2, 5, 10, and 20 Mg ha −1 )”
e1“The amendment of ILS in the soils was efficient to increase the pH and macronutrients, as to increase the biomass production”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest biomass production of sorghum occurred at 10 Mg ha −1 of sludge.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e2“The largest production occurred with 10 Mg ha −1 , and the highest dose (20 Mg ha −1 ) had negative effects in all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest sludge dose of 20 Mg ha −1 had negative effects on sorghum in all treatments.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e2“The largest production occurred with 10 Mg ha −1 , and the highest dose (20 Mg ha −1 ) had negative effects in all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Both sorghum and sunflower had low accumulation of Cu, Cd and Pb in their tissues.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e3“Both plants had low accumulation of Cu, Cd, and Pb in their tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Cr increased in the roots of sunflower in TP soil without translocation to the shoots.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Outcome
- Cre4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- without translocation to the shootse4
- Setting
- TP soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e4“Cr increased in the roots of sunflower plants (especially in the TP soil) without translocation to the shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
TP soil gave better sorghum results than GH soil, being more secure to receive sludge because of its higher clay content.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e5“TP soil presented better results, being more secure to receive the sludge due to its higher content of clay when compared to the GH soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge amendment of soils is an alternative to disposal with benefits to plants and soil quality.
- Outcome
- alternative to disposal with benefits to plants and soil qualitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum and sunflower”
e6“The amendment of ILS in soils is an alternative to disposal with benefits to plants and soil quality”
The same questions in other papers
organic · soil: chemistry · SorghumPositive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →other · soil: chemistry · SorghumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.