Abstract
Allelopathic compounds reduce the growth and productivity of upland rice plants, especially in consecutive plantations. The rhizobacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens BRM-32111 and Burkholderia pyrrocinia BRM-32113 have been recorded as growth promoters in rice. This study was developed to understand the effect of the application of rhizobacteria on upland rice plants in consecutive plantations. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications of four treatments: rice seed inoculated with P. fluorescens BRM-32111, rice seed inoculated with B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 (both sown on soil with rice residue), non-inoculated plants sown on soil with rice residue (control with residue (WR)), and non-inoculated plants on soil with no residue (NR). Roots and seedling growth were adversely affected by allelopathic compounds in control WR plants. Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants. These results indicate that rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 and B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 increase the tolerance of rice plants to stress from allelochemicals. There are possible practical agricultural applications of these results for mitigating the effects of environmental allelochemistry on upland rice.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Rice residue control plants had adversely affected roots and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- upland rice plants
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- control WR plantse0
- Organ / stage
- Roots and seedlinge0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roots and seedling growth were adversely affected by allelopathic compounds in control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased biomass by 88% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 88%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased leaf area by 3% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 3%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased length by 40% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased root biomass by 67% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 67%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased chlorophyll a by 21% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 21%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased chlorophyll (a+b) by 53% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll (a+b)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 53%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased rate of carbon assimilation (A) by 50% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- rate of carbon assimilation (A)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) by 227% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 227%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacteria inoculation increased water use efficiency (WUE) by 63% relative to residue controls.
- Taxon
- upland rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113e0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 63%e0
- Comparator
- control WR plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 or B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 induced an increase of 88% in biomass, 3% in the leaf area, 40% in length, 67% in root biomass, 21% in chlorophyll a, 53% in chlorophyll (a+b), 50% in rate of carbon assimilation (A), 227% in A/rubisco carboxylation efficiency (Ci) and 63% in water use efficiency (WUE) compared to control WR plants.”
t0“growth and productivity of upland rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that the rhizobacteria increase tolerance of rice to allelochemical stress.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens BRM-32111
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont - Outcome
- tolerance of rice plants to stress from allelochemicalse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“These results indicate that rhizobacteria P. fluorescens BRM-32111 and B. pyrrocinia BRM-32113 increase the tolerance of rice plants to stress from allelochemicals.”
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