Abstract
Trichoderma species is a heterotrophic saprobion organism, which competes with other microorganisms, preventing them from developing. This fungus has mechanisms of action, among which are: production of antibiotics and metabolites, and hyperparasitism, which also promotes the induction of systemic resistance in plants. In this study, five native Trichoderma strains which were collected from agricultural land in Tamaulipas, Mexico were evaluated. The objective of this research was to identify the secondary metabolites produced by native strains of Trichoderma spp. under in vitro conditions and evaluation of the effect of these compounds on the growth of the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum and the germination of tomato seeds (Solanum esculentum). The production of Trichoderma's metabolites was performed by culturing in 150 ml of potato broth supplemented with sucrose (5%) and yeast extract (5%). Inoculation was performed by the addition of a 4 mm disk of active mycelium and allowed to grow at 25C ± 2°C and 12 h light/dark on a rotary shaker at 150 rpm for three weeks. Subsequently, the extraction of metabolites was performed using liquid: liquid phase which consisted of the filtrate and methylene chloride in a ratio of 1:3, and then the organic phase was recovered. The organic fraction was evaporated at 40°C with the aid of a rotary evaporator (Buchi®); the sample was recovered in 1 ml of methylene chloride. Analysis by GC-MS indicates that Trichoderma isolates produced 41 secondary metabolites of volatile and semi-volatile molecules and was observed, such that the number of compounds varies from the species analyzed and the collection site. The evaluation of the antagonistic activity of the extracts of Trichoderma spp. on F. oxysporum showed no significant differences between treatments (P=0.05); however, it was observed that pigmentation decreased in the mycelium of the pathogen. Regarding the evaluation of the effect of the extracts on the seeds of tomato, it was observed that the compounds of Trichoderma asperellum (TV1) induced the germination and the development of the seedling. Key words: Volatile compounds, Trichoderma, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry secondary metabolites, Solanum esculentum.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma isolates produced 41 secondary metabolites, volatile and semi-volatile molecules.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume2 - Outcome
- secondary metabolitese1
- Value
- 41e1
- Qualifier
- volatile and semi-volatile moleculese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Analysis by GC-MS indicates that Trichoderma isolates produced 41 secondary metabolites of volatile and semi-volatile molecules”
e2“germination of tomato seeds (Solanum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts of Trichoderma spp. showed no significant difference in antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum between treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- extracts of Trichoderma spp.e1
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume1pathogen - Outcome
- antagonistic activitye1
- Comparator
- treatmentse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“The evaluation of the antagonistic activity of the extracts of Trichoderma spp. on F. oxysporum showed no significant differences between treatments (P=0.05)”
e2“germination of tomato seeds (Solanum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts of Trichoderma spp. decreased pigmentation in the mycelium of F. oxysporum.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Organ / stage
- myceliume1
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume2pathogen
- Outcome
- pigmentatione1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“it was observed that pigmentation decreased in the mycelium of the pathogen”
e2“the evaluation of the antagonistic activity of the extracts of Trichoderma spp. on F. oxysporum”
e3“germination of tomato seeds (Solanum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compounds of Trichoderma asperellum (TV1) induced germination and seedling development of tomato seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- compounds of Trichoderma asperellum (TV1)e1
- Outcome
- germination and the development of the seedlinge1
- Direction
- inducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Regarding the evaluation of the effect of the extracts on the seeds of tomato, it was observed that the compounds of Trichoderma asperellum (TV1) induced the germination and the development of the seedling”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of compounds produced by Trichoderma isolates varied with the species analyzed and the collection site.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Outcome
- number of compoundse1
- Qualifier
- varies from the species analyzede1
- Setting
- collection sitee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“such that the number of compounds varies from the species analyzed and the collection site”
e2“germination of tomato seeds (Solanum esculentum)”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma · Fusarium oxysporum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →botanical · Fusarium oxysporum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.