Abstract
Best fertilizer management practices such as adopting the right N sidedress timing can reduce N losses by volatilization, thus, raising N-fertilizer recovery and grain yield. To evaluate ammonia (N-NH3 ) losses, N-fertilizer recovery and grain yield as a function of urea sidedress timing in corn, a field study was conducted during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 growing seasons, adopting a complete randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of urea sidedress timing (140 kg N ha-1) at V4, V6, V8, V10, and V12 growth stages, plus a control without sidedress N. The largest N losses by N-NH3 volatilization occurred when urea was applied at V10 or V12 growth stages, reaching losses of 35 and 41 % of the total applied N. Although climatic factors influences N-NH3 volatilization process, crop characteristics such as canopy development also seems to affect N-NH3 losses. Nitrogen application at V4 or V6 growth stages resulted in greater N-fertilizer recovery from urea sidedress, reaching values of 53 %. No increase in corn grain yield was observed with N application at different corn growth stages during the two growing seasons evaluated, most likely due to high N mineralization rates from the soil.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at V10 gave 35% ammonia loss.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- urea was applied at V10e0
- Outcome
- N losses by N-NH3 volatilizatione0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Value
- 35e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest N losses by N-NH3 volatilization occurred when urea was applied at V10 or V12 growth stages, reaching losses of 35 and 41 % of the total applied N”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at V12 gave 41% ammonia loss.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- urea was applied at V10 or V12e0
- Outcome
- N losses by N-NH3 volatilizatione0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Value
- 41 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest N losses by N-NH3 volatilization occurred when urea was applied at V10 or V12 growth stages, reaching losses of 35 and 41 % of the total applied N”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Canopy development appeared to affect ammonia losses.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- canopy developmente0
- Outcome
- N-NH3 lossese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop characteristics such as canopy development also seems to affect N-NH3 losses”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Application at V4 or V6 improved nitrogen recovery to 53%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen application at V4 or V6 growth stagese0
- Outcome
- N-fertilizer recoverye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 53 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application at V4 or V6 growth stages resulted in greater N-fertilizer recovery from urea sidedress, reaching values of 53 %”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application did not increase corn grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- N application at different corn growth stagese0
- Outcome
- corn grain yielde0
- Direction
- No increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No increase in corn grain yield was observed with N application at different corn growth stages during the two growing seasons evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil nitrogen mineralization was proposed to explain the lack of yield response.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- high N mineralization rates from the soile0
- Qualifier
- most likelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most likely due to high N mineralization rates from the soil”
t0“Corn”
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