Abstract
This study investigated the potential of using biochar as a container substrate component to replace peat moss to produce horticultural crops. Biochar was incorporated into commercially available peat moss-based substrate (PM) at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% (vol.) to grow chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) in containers. Responses of plant growth to the percentage of biochar in substrate mixes was different for the crops. Chrysanthemum grown in PM mixes with 60%, 80% and 100% biochar had significantly higher shoot fresh weight (FW) than in PM alone (0% biochar), while tomato plants in PM mixes with 80% and 100% biochar had lower shoot FW, dry weight (DW), and root rating values. For lettuce, only plants grown in 100% biochar of the second crop (sowed after 52 days of the first crop) had lower FW than those grown in PM mixes without biochar. For basil, the lower root rating was observed in plants grown in PM mixes with 80% biochar, while the highest was observed in plants grown in PM mixes with 20% biochar. Basil grown in PM mixes with 20% biochar had higher dry and fresh weights than those in PM mixes with no biochar. No negative effect on plant growth was observed in mixes with biochar as high as 60%, which was probably due to the similarity between physical properties of biochar and PM tested in this experiment.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Chrysanthemum shoot fresh weight was significantly higher at 60%, 80% and 100% biochar than with peat moss alone.
- Taxon
- Chrysanthemum
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Chrysanthemume0 - Treatment
- PM mixes with 60%, 80% and 100% biochare0
- Outcome
- shoot fresh weight (FW)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- PM alone (0% biochar)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpeg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Chrysanthemum grown in PM mixes with 60%, 80% and 100% biochar had significantly higher shoot fresh weight (FW) than in PM alone (0% biochar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato shoot fresh weight and dry weight were lower at 80% and 100% biochar.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- PM mixes with 80% and 100% biochare0
- Outcome
- shoot FW, dry weight (DW)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato plants in PM mixes with 80% and 100% biochar had lower shoot FW, dry weight (DW), and root rating values.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato root ratings were lower at 80% and 100% biochar.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PM mixes with 80% and 100% biochare0
- Outcome
- root rating valuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato plants in PM mixes with 80% and 100% biochar had lower shoot FW, dry weight (DW), and root rating values.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lettuce fresh weight in the second crop was lower only with 100% biochar than with no biochar.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- 100% biochare0
- Outcome
- FWe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- second crop (sowed after 52 days of the first crop)e0
- Comparator
- PM mixes without biochare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For lettuce, only plants grown in 100% biochar of the second crop (sowed after 52 days of the first crop) had lower FW than those grown in PM mixes without biochar.”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil root rating was lowest at 80% biochar.
- Taxon
- basil
Ocimum basilicume0 - Treatment
- PM mixes with 80% biochare0
- Outcome
- root ratinge0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For basil, the lower root rating was observed in plants grown in PM mixes with 80% biochar”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil root rating was highest at 20% biochar.
- Taxon
- basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- PM mixes with 20% biochare0
- Outcome
- higheste0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while the highest was observed in plants grown in PM mixes with 20% biochar.”
t0“For basil, the lower root rating”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil dry and fresh weights were higher at 20% biochar than without biochar.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicume0
- Treatment
- PM mixes with 20% biochare0
- Outcome
- dry and fresh weightse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- PM mixes with no biochare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Basil grown in PM mixes with 20% biochar had higher dry and fresh weights than those in PM mixes with no biochar.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar mixes up to 60% showed no negative plant growth effect.
- Taxon
- Horticultural Cropst0
- Treatment
- mixes with biochar as high as 60%e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- No negative effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“No negative effect on plant growth was observed in mixes with biochar as high as 60%”
t0“Horticultural Crops”
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