Paper · 1993 · Agricultural and Food Science

The phytotoxicity of disinfectants and their effect at different temperatures

Hanna Avikainen; Hilkka Koponen; Beata Meinander; et al.

5
claims
8
verbatim quotes
2
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

When disinfecting plastic growth containers, only sodium hypochloride (NaClO) caused damage both to cucumber and lettuce seedlings grown on peat if the containers had not been washed with water after disinfection. Also the seedlings grown on rockwool cubes were susceptible to Menno-Ter-forte when the growth containers were not properly rinsed after disinfection. All tested disinfectants caused damage to cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlings when mixed in the peat substrate. The efficiency of disinfectants was higher at +20°C than at +5°C, especially against Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. A decrease in temperature affected least the efficacy of NaOCl and Menno-Ter-forte and most that of Virkon S.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Unrinsed sodium hypochloride containers damaged cucumber and lettuce seedlings on peat.

Taxon
cucumber and lettuce seedlingsCucumis sativusLactuca sativae0
Treatment
sodium hypochloride (NaClO)e0
Outcome
damagee0
Qualifier
containers had not been washed with watere0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativa · Taxonen:User:Geographer · CC BY 1.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“only sodium hypochloride (NaClO) caused damage both to cucumber and lettuce seedlings grown on peat if the containers had not been washed with water after disinfection”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 45–212 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Unrinsed Menno-Ter-forte containers damaged seedlings grown on rockwool.

Taxon
cucumber and lettuce seedlingsCucumis sativusLactuca sativae1
Treatment
Menno-Ter-fortee0
Outcome
susceptiblee0
Qualifier
not properly rinsede0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativa · Taxonen:User:Geographer · CC BY 1.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“seedlings grown on rockwool cubes were susceptible to Menno-Ter-forte when the growth containers were not properly rinsed after disinfection”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 223–363 · show in text ↑
e1

“cucumber and lettuce seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 100–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All tested disinfectants damaged cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlings when mixed into peat.

Taxon
cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlingsCucumis sativusBrassica oleracea var. botrytisLactuca sativae0
Treatment
All tested disinfectantse0
Outcome
damagee0
Qualifier
mixed in the peat substratee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis · TaxonSusan Slater · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativa · Taxonen:User:Geographer · CC BY 1.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“All tested disinfectants caused damage to cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlings when mixed in the peat substrate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–483 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Disinfectants were more effective at +20°C than at +5°C, especially against three fungi.

Taxon
cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlingsCucumis sativusBrassica oleracea var. botrytisLactuca sativae1
Treatment
+20°Ce0
Interactor
Fusarium culmorumFusarium culmorume0pathogen
Outcome
efficiency of disinfectantse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
+5°Ce0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis · TaxonSusan Slater · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativa · Taxonen:User:Geographer · CC BY 1.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Fusarium culmorum
Fusarium culmorum · InteractorBarbara Scherm, Virgilio Balmas, Francesca Spanu, Giovanna Pani, Giovanna Delogu, Matias Pasquali, Quirico Migheli · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The efficiency of disinfectants was higher at +20°C than at +5°C, especially against Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 485–624 · show in text ↑
e1

“cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 407–450 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cooling reduced NaOCl and Menno-Ter-forte efficacy least, and Virkon S most.

Taxon
cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlingsCucumis sativusBrassica oleracea var. botrytisLactuca sativae1
Outcome
efficacy of NaOCl and Menno-Ter-fortee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis · TaxonSusan Slater · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativa · Taxonen:User:Geographer · CC BY 1.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A decrease in temperature affected least the efficacy of NaOCl and Menno-Ter-forte and most that of Virkon S”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–734 · show in text ↑
e1

“cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 407–450 · show in text ↑

sodium atom · pest · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

sodium hypochlorite · pest · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.