Abstract
Agronomic solutions such as supplemental post‐emergence N may increase yield of feed‐barley grain. Grain yield, grain N yield, and grain protein generally increased as post‐emergence N rate increased. Largest grain yield increases occurred in environments with >300 mm of growing season precipitation. Yields decreased when N was applied as urea ammonium nitrate in hot and low‐precipitation conditions. There were no adverse negative effects to maturity, lodging, or grain quality in ‘Amisk’ feed barley. Small yield gains and decreasing feed barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) acreage in Alberta may be addressed with agronomic solutions. Field experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 at 3 irrigated and 11 rain‐fed environments in Alberta, Canada, to determine the effects of supplemental post‐emergence N on ‘Amisk’ feed barley growth, grain yield, and grain quality. At the time of seeding, urea N was applied at rates suitable for targeting average yield potential in each environment. Just prior to BBCH 30 (beginning of stem elongation), this was supplemented with additional 0, 34, and 68 kg N ha −1 in the form of undiluted urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), and 34 kg N ha −1 with the urease inhibitor N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT). In most environments, grain yield, grain N yield (grain yield × percentage grain N), and grain protein increased with post‐emergence N rate. The largest positive grain yield responses (up to 19%) usually occurred in environments with more than 300 mm of growing season precipitation. Grain yield and grain N yield were significantly reduced when post‐emergence N was applied in high temperatures with low precipitation. Post‐emergence N increased height, but did not markedly change lodging or days to maturity. The grain quality parameters of test weight, starch, and fiber had minor responses to post‐emergence N application. The addition of NBPT to post‐emergence N had little effect on any response variables. Supplemental post‐emergence N provided an agronomic solution for increasing feed barley grain yield, but consistent increases were limited to irrigated or high precipitation environments.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield increased with post-emergence nitrogen rate in most environments.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- post‐emergence N ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In most environments, grain yield, grain N yield (grain yield × percentage grain N), and grain protein increased with post‐emergence N rate.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain nitrogen yield increased with post-emergence nitrogen rate in most environments.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- post‐emergence N ratee0
- Outcome
- grain N yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most environments, grain yield, grain N yield (grain yield × percentage grain N), and grain protein increased with post‐emergence N rate.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein increased with post-emergence nitrogen rate in most environments.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- post‐emergence N ratee0
- Outcome
- grain proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most environments, grain yield, grain N yield (grain yield × percentage grain N), and grain protein increased with post‐emergence N rate.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest positive grain yield response was up to 19% with more than 300 mm growing season precipitation.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- grain yield responsese0
- Direction
- largest positivee0
- Value
- up to 19%e0
- Setting
- environments with more than 300 mm of growing season precipitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest positive grain yield responses (up to 19%) usually occurred in environments with more than 300 mm of growing season precipitation.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence nitrogen significantly reduced grain yield in hot, dry conditions.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- post‐emergence Ne0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- high temperatures with low precipitatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield and grain N yield were significantly reduced when post‐emergence N was applied in high temperatures with low precipitation.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence nitrogen significantly reduced grain nitrogen yield in hot, dry conditions.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- post‐emergence Ne0
- Outcome
- grain N yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- high temperatures with low precipitatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield and grain N yield were significantly reduced when post‐emergence N was applied in high temperatures with low precipitation.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence nitrogen increased barley height.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Post‐emergence Ne0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post‐emergence N increased height, but did not markedly change lodging or days to maturity.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence nitrogen did not markedly change lodging or days to maturity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Post‐emergence Ne0
- Outcome
- lodging or days to maturitye0
- Direction
- did not markedly changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post‐emergence N increased height, but did not markedly change lodging or days to maturity.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Test weight, starch and fiber showed minor responses to post-emergence nitrogen.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- post‐emergence N applicatione0
- Outcome
- test weight, starch, and fibere0
- Direction
- minor responsese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain quality parameters of test weight, starch, and fiber had minor responses to post‐emergence N application.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding NBPT had little effect on response variables.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- addition of NBPT to post‐emergence Ne0
- Outcome
- response variablese0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of NBPT to post‐emergence N had little effect on any response variables.”
t0“Feed Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that supplemental nitrogen consistently raised yield only under irrigation or high precipitation.
Verbatim
e0“Supplemental post‐emergence N provided an agronomic solution for increasing feed barley grain yield, but consistent increases were limited to irrigated or high precipitation environments.”
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