Abstract
Compared to drought-susceptible rice cultivars (DSRs), drought-resistance rice cultivars (DRRs) could drastically reduce the amount of irrigation water input and simultaneously result in higher grain yield under water-saving irrigation conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying these properties are unclear. We investigated how improved agronomic traits contribute to higher yield and higher water use efficiency (WUE) in DRRs than in DSRs under alternate wetting and drying (AWD). Two DRRs and two DSRs were field-grown in 2015 and 2016 using two different irrigation regimes: continuous flooding (CF) and AWD. Under CF, no statistical differences in grain yield and WUE were observed between DRRs and DSRs. Irrigation water under the AWD regime was 275–349 mm, an amount 49.8%–56.2% of that (552–620 mm) applied under the CF regime. Compared to CF, AWD significantly decreased grain yield in both DRRs and DSRs, with a more significant reduction in DSRs, and WUE was increased in DRRs, but not in DSRs, by 9.9%–23.0% under AWD. Under AWD, DRRs showed a 20.2%–26.2% increase in grain yield and an 18.6%–24.5% increase in WUE compared to DSRs. Compared to DSRs, DRRs showed less redundant vegetative growth, greater sink capacity, higher grain filling efficiency, larger root biomass, and deeper root distribution under AWD. We conclude that these improved agronomic traits exert positive influences on WUE in DRRs under AWD. Keywords: Agronomic traits, Alternate wetting and drying, Drought-resistance rice cultivars, Grain yield, Water use efficiency
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Under continuous flooding, grain yield and water use efficiency did not differ between drought-resistant and drought-susceptible rice cultivars.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- DRRse0
- Outcome
- grain yield and WUEe0
- Comparator
- DSRse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e0“Under CF, no statistical differences in grain yield and WUE were observed between DRRs and DSRs”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternate wetting and drying significantly decreased grain yield in both resistant and susceptible rice, with a larger reduction in susceptible cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- with a more significant reduction in DSRse1
- Comparator
- CFe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e1“Compared to CF, AWD significantly decreased grain yield in both DRRs and DSRs, with a more significant reduction in DSRs”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, WUE increased by 9.9%–23.0% in resistant rice but not in susceptible rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe2
- Outcome
- WUEe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 9.9%–23.0%e2
- Qualifier
- but not in DSRse2
- Comparator
- CFe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e1“Compared to CF, AWD significantly decreased grain yield in both DRRs and DSRs, with a more significant reduction in DSRs”
e2“and WUE was increased in DRRs, but not in DSRs, by 9.9%–23.0% under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed a 20.2%–26.2% grain yield increase compared with susceptible rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Value
- 20.2%–26.2%e3
- Comparator
- DSRse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e3“Under AWD, DRRs showed a 20.2%–26.2% increase in grain yield and an 18.6%–24.5% increase in WUE compared to DSRs”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed an 18.6%–24.5% WUE increase compared with susceptible rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe3
- Outcome
- WUEe3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Value
- 18.6%–24.5%e3
- Comparator
- DSRse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e3“Under AWD, DRRs showed a 20.2%–26.2% increase in grain yield and an 18.6%–24.5% increase in WUE compared to DSRs”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed less redundant vegetative growth than susceptible rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe4
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe4
- Direction
- less redundante4
- Comparator
- DSRse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e4“Compared to DSRs, DRRs showed less redundant vegetative growth, greater sink capacity, higher grain filling efficiency, larger root biomass, and deeper root distribution under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed greater sink capacity than susceptible rice.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e4“Compared to DSRs, DRRs showed less redundant vegetative growth, greater sink capacity, higher grain filling efficiency, larger root biomass, and deeper root distribution under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed higher grain filling efficiency than susceptible rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe4
- Outcome
- grain filling efficiencye4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- DSRse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e4“Compared to DSRs, DRRs showed less redundant vegetative growth, greater sink capacity, higher grain filling efficiency, larger root biomass, and deeper root distribution under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed larger root biomass than susceptible rice.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e4“Compared to DSRs, DRRs showed less redundant vegetative growth, greater sink capacity, higher grain filling efficiency, larger root biomass, and deeper root distribution under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
Under alternate wetting and drying, resistant rice showed deeper root distribution than susceptible rice.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e4“Compared to DSRs, DRRs showed less redundant vegetative growth, greater sink capacity, higher grain filling efficiency, larger root biomass, and deeper root distribution under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
The improved agronomic traits of resistant rice exert a positive influence on WUE under alternate wetting and drying.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- WUEe5
- Qualifier
- these improved agronomic traitse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e5“We conclude that these improved agronomic traits exert positive influences on WUE in DRRs under AWD”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternate wetting and drying required 275–349 mm of irrigation water, 49.8%–56.2% of the continuous flooding amount.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWDe6
- Outcome
- irrigation watere6
- Direction
- lowerinferrede6
- Value
- 275–349 mme6
- Qualifier
- 49.8%–56.2%e6
- Comparator
- CF regimee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“drought-resistance rice cultivars”
e6“Irrigation water under the AWD regime was 275–349 mm, an amount 49.8%–56.2% of that (552–620 mm) applied under the CF regime”
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