Abstract
Two grower locations were used to monitor the soil moisture profiles at soil depths of 10, 30 (~1 ft) and 60 cm (~2 ft).A capacitance probe (C-probe) was used in each of the three treatments.Treatments included the grower's normal irrigation practice, using a pivot system, the researcher's hand irrigated plot to time irrigation events at critical periods and a non-irrigated control plot.Graphics of the C-probe information provided a visual account of the soil moistures, giving the grower a clearer understanding of the stage of sugar beet root growth at the various depths and the significance of their irrigation practices.At location A, the grower kept the soil moisture profile high, resulting in increased sugar beet yields but lowered beet quality with less sugar content per beet.Timing irrigation events, based on the soil moisture graphs from the C-probes, provided by the Ontario Weather Network, provided equal yields to the grower's regime while significantly increasing % sugar accumulation.Critical irrigation events were identified that could have improved both yield and sugar content in sugar beets.At location B, with a much heavier soil type, irrigation was used to oxygenate the soil, softening it up after early season near-flood conditions.Yields were considerably depressed in this location however with timely irrigation, yields were improved with no loss in sugar quantities.Sugar beet roots were forced to grow more deeply into the soil where less nutrients are available resulting in low yields.A water budget approach, where critical information such as evapotranspiration values along with grower inputs of rainfall and irrigation timings and quantities, was deemed a less effective method for timing irrigation events, due to missing or false data inputs.On the other hand, the soil moisture profile, read through graphics derived from the C-probes provided a more accurate account of what was happening at these particular farm locations allowing growers to make more effective irrigation management decisions.Where irrigation was deemed excessive the practice provided more hours of leaf wetness resulting in a slight increase in the incidence of Cercospora Leafspot foliar disease. METHOD and EQUIPMENTTwo grower locations (Fig. 1) were selected having large pivot irrigation units with considerable experience in irrigating sugar beets.On June 9 the following equipment was installed at each of the locations: Location
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
C-probe graphics clarified root growth by depth and irrigation significance for growers.
- Taxon
- Sugar Beets
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Outcome
- clearer understanding of the stage of sugar beet root growth at the various depthse0
- Qualifier
- significance of their irrigation practicese0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Graphics of the C-probe information provided a visual account of the soil moistures, giving the grower a clearer understanding of the stage of sugar beet root growth at the various depths and the significance of their irrigation practices.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
At location A, high soil moisture increased sugar beet yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soil moisture profile highe0
- Outcome
- sugar beet yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- location Ae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At location A, the grower kept the soil moisture profile high, resulting in increased sugar beet yields but lowered beet quality with less sugar content per beet.”
Claim · model-written summary
At location A, high soil moisture lowered beet quality and sugar content per beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soil moisture profile highe0
- Outcome
- beet quality with less sugar content per beete0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Setting
- location Ae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At location A, the grower kept the soil moisture profile high, resulting in increased sugar beet yields but lowered beet quality with less sugar content per beet.”
Claim · model-written summary
C-probe guided timing gave equal yields to the grower regime.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Timing irrigation events, based on the soil moisture graphs from the C-probese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- equale0
- Comparator
- grower's regimee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Timing irrigation events, based on the soil moisture graphs from the C-probes, provided by the Ontario Weather Network, provided equal yields to the grower's regime while significantly increasing % sugar accumulation.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
C-probe guided timing significantly increased sugar accumulation relative to the grower regime.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Timing irrigation events, based on the soil moisture graphs from the C-probese0
- Outcome
- % sugar accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- grower's regimee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Timing irrigation events, based on the soil moisture graphs from the C-probes, provided by the Ontario Weather Network, provided equal yields to the grower's regime while significantly increasing % sugar accumulation.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Critical irrigation events could have improved both yield and sugar content.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Critical irrigation eventse0
- Outcome
- improved both yield and sugar contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Critical irrigation events were identified that could have improved both yield and sugar content in sugar beets.”
Claim · model-written summary
At location B, timely irrigation improved yields.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- timely irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- this locatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were considerably depressed in this location however with timely irrigation, yields were improved with no loss in sugar quantities.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
At location B, timely irrigation caused no loss in sugar quantities.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- timely irrigatione0
- Outcome
- sugar quantitiese0
- Direction
- no losse0
- Setting
- this locatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were considerably depressed in this location however with timely irrigation, yields were improved with no loss in sugar quantities.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Deeper beet root growth in nutrient poorer soil resulted in low yields.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- low yieldse0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Qualifier
- less nutrients are availablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugar beet roots were forced to grow more deeply into the soil where less nutrients are available resulting in low yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
The water budget approach was deemed less effective for timing irrigation due to missing or false data.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- less effective method for timing irrigation eventse0
- Qualifier
- missing or false data inputse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A water budget approach, where critical information such as evapotranspiration values along with grower inputs of rainfall and irrigation timings and quantities, was deemed a less effective method for timing irrigation events, due to missing or false data inputs.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
C-probe soil moisture graphics gave a more accurate account at the farm locations and enabled better irrigation decisions.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- more accurate account of what was happening at these particular farm locationse0
- Direction
- more accuratee0
- Qualifier
- more effective irrigation management decisionse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil moisture profile, read through graphics derived from the C-probes provided a more accurate account of what was happening at these particular farm locations allowing growers to make more effective irrigation management decisions.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess irrigation slightly increased Cercospora Leafspot incidence through more leaf wetness.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- irrigation was deemed excessivee0
- Interactor
- Cercospora
Cercosporae0pathogen - Outcome
- incidence of Cercospora Leafspot foliar diseasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- more hours of leaf wetnesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Where irrigation was deemed excessive the practice provided more hours of leaf wetness resulting in a slight increase in the incidence of Cercospora Leafspot foliar disease.”
t0“Sugar Beets”
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