Abstract
Abstract Sugarbeet, grown for biofuel, is being considered as an alternate cool-season crop in the southeastern U.S. coastal plain. Typically, the crop would be seeded in the autumn, then grow through the winter and be harvested the following spring. Labels for herbicides registered for use on sugarbeet grown in the traditional sugarbeet production regions do not list any of the cool-season weeds common in the southeastern United States. Field trials were initiated near Ty Ty, GA, to evaluate all possible combinations of ethofumesate applied PRE, phenmedipham+desmedipham applied POST, clopyralid POST, and triflusulfuron POST for cool-season weed control in sugarbeet. Phenmedipham+desmedipham alone and in combination with clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron effectively controlled cutleaf eveningprimrose, lesser swinecress, henbit, and corn spurry when applied to seedling weeds. Ethofumesate PRE alone was not as effective in controlling cool-season weeds compared to treatments containing phenmedipham+desmedipham POST. However, ethofumesate PRE applied sequentially with phenmedipham+desmedipham POST improved weed control consistency. Clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron alone did not adequately control cutleaf eveningprimrose. Triflusulfuron alone effectively controlled wild radish. In the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 seasons, December-applied POST herbicides did not injure sugarbeet. However, in the 2015–2016 season POST herbicides were applied in late October. On the day of treatment, the maximum temperature was 25.4 C, which exceeded the established upper temperature limit of 22 C for safe application of phenmedipham+desmedipham, and sugarbeet plants were severely injured. In the southeastern United States, temperatures frequently exceed 22 C in early autumn, which may limit phenmedipham+desmedipham use for controlling troublesome cool-season weeds of sugarbeet in the region. Weed control options need to be expanded to compensate for this limitation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Phenmedipham+desmedipham controlled cutleaf eveningprimrose, lesser swinecress, henbit, and corn spurry on seedling weeds.
- Taxon
- Sugarbeet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Phenmedipham+desmediphame0
- Outcome
- controlled cutleaf eveningprimrose, lesser swinecress, henbit, and corn spurrye0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
- Qualifier
- seedling weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenmedipham+desmedipham alone and in combination with clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron effectively controlled cutleaf eveningprimrose, lesser swinecress, henbit, and corn spurry when applied to seedling weeds.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethofumesate PRE alone controlled cool-season weeds less effectively than POST phenmedipham+desmedipham.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Ethofumesate PRE alonee0
- Outcome
- controlling cool-season weedse0
- Direction
- not as effectivee0
- Comparator
- treatments containing phenmedipham+desmedipham POSTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethofumesate PRE alone was not as effective in controlling cool-season weeds compared to treatments containing phenmedipham+desmedipham POST.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential ethofumesate PRE and phenmedipham+desmedipham POST improved weed-control consistency.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- ethofumesate PRE applied sequentially with phenmedipham+desmedipham POSTe0
- Outcome
- weed control consistencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethofumesate PRE applied sequentially with phenmedipham+desmedipham POST improved weed control consistency.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Clopyralid alone did not adequately control cutleaf eveningprimrose.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Clopyralide0
- Interactor
- cutleaf eveningprimrosee0weed
- Outcome
- control cutleaf eveningprimrosee0
- Direction
- did not adequatelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron alone did not adequately control cutleaf eveningprimrose.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Triflusulfuron alone did not adequately control cutleaf eveningprimrose.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- triflusulfurone0
- Interactor
- cutleaf eveningprimrosee0weed
- Outcome
- control cutleaf eveningprimrosee0
- Direction
- did not adequatelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron alone did not adequately control cutleaf eveningprimrose.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Triflusulfuron alone effectively controlled wild radish.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Triflusulfuron alonee0
- Interactor
- wild radish
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Raphanus raphanistrume0weed - Outcome
- controlled wild radishe0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Triflusulfuron alone effectively controlled wild radish.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
December-applied POST herbicides did not injure sugarbeet in 2013–2014 and 2014–2015.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- December-applied POST herbicidese0
- Outcome
- injure sugarbeete0
- Direction
- did not injuree0
- Qualifier
- 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 seasons, December-applied POST herbicides did not injure sugarbeet.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-October POST herbicide application severely injured sugarbeet when maximum temperature was 25.4 C.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- phenmedipham+desmediphame0
- Outcome
- sugarbeet plants were severely injurede0
- Direction
- severely injurede0
- Value
- 25.4 Ce0
- Qualifier
- upper temperature limit of 22 Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On the day of treatment, the maximum temperature was 25.4 C, which exceeded the established upper temperature limit of 22 C for safe application of phenmedipham+desmedipham, and sugarbeet plants were severely injured.”
t0“Sugarbeet”
The same questions in other papers
triflusulfuron · control · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
ethofumesate · weed · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 9 papers →herbicide · organism · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.