Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND Potassium (K) deficiency in leafy vegetables such as lettuce is a major concern regarding quality. Seaweed (SW) extracts, as biostimulants, are biodegradable materials and have become increasingly popular as they are reported to enhance crop growth and yield. RESULTS In order to overcome K deficiencies (i.e. 375 vs 125 mg L −1 ), alternative foliar applications with extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum SW or K were examined using lettuce plants which were grown hydroponically. Potassium deficiency (at 125 mg L −1 ) reduced plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, lettuce potassium content and tissue antioxidant capacity as compared with the higher K level (375 mg L −1 ). Application of SW increased the relative growth of lettuce in the low‐K treatment. The K level and/or SW application altered the plant's enzyme protective activity (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD) against oxidative stress and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production. Spray applications of SW mitigated the effects of K deficiency on indicators of enzyme activity and plant damage, back to levels of high K content (375 mg L −1 ). The high K level, but also SW application, increased the antioxidant activity of the processed lettuce before storage. Foliar application of the SW extract increased the quality of cut lettuce grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditions by reducing the rate of respiration and increasing consumer preference. CONCLUSION The SW application could alter the detrimental effects of K deficiency during lettuce growth and storage of processed products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency reduced lettuce plant biomass, photosynthetic rate and leaf stomatal conductance compared with the higher K level.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- Potassium deficiencye1
- Outcome
- plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductancee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- higher K levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e1“Potassium deficiency (at 125 mg L −1 ) reduced plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, lettuce potassium content and tissue antioxidant capacity as compared with the higher K level (375 mg L −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency reduced lettuce potassium content and tissue antioxidant capacity compared with the higher K level.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Potassium deficiencye1
- Outcome
- lettuce potassium content and tissue antioxidant capacitye1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- higher K levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e1“Potassium deficiency (at 125 mg L −1 ) reduced plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, lettuce potassium content and tissue antioxidant capacity as compared with the higher K level (375 mg L −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of seaweed increased the relative growth of lettuce under low potassium.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Application of SWe2
- Outcome
- relative growth of lettucee2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e2“Application of SW increased the relative growth of lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium level and or seaweed application altered the enzyme protective activity of lettuce against oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- K level and/or SW applicatione3
- Outcome
- plant's enzyme protective activitye3
- Direction
- alterede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e3“The K level and/or SW application altered the plant's enzyme protective activity (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD) against oxidative stress and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray applications of seaweed mitigated the effects of potassium deficiency on enzyme activity indicators and plant damage, back to the level of high potassium.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Spray applications of SWe4
- Outcome
- indicators of enzyme activity and plant damagee4
- Direction
- mitigatede4
- Comparator
- levels of high K contente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e4“Spray applications of SW mitigated the effects of K deficiency on indicators of enzyme activity and plant damage, back to levels of high K content”
Claim · model-written summary
High K level and seaweed application increased the antioxidant activity of processed lettuce before storage.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- SW applicatione5
- Outcome
- antioxidant activity of the processed lettucee5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e5“The high K level, but also SW application, increased the antioxidant activity of the processed lettuce before storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar seaweed extract increased the quality of cut lettuce grown under 125 mg/L potassium.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of the SW extracte6
- Outcome
- quality of cut lettucee6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditionse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e6“Foliar application of the SW extract increased the quality of cut lettuce grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditions by reducing the rate of respiration and increasing consumer preference”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar seaweed extract reduced the rate of respiration of cut lettuce grown under 125 mg/L potassium.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of the SW extracte6
- Outcome
- rate of respiratione6
- Direction
- reducinge6
- Qualifier
- grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditionse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e6“Foliar application of the SW extract increased the quality of cut lettuce grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditions by reducing the rate of respiration and increasing consumer preference”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar seaweed extract increased consumer preference for cut lettuce grown under 125 mg/L potassium.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of the SW extracte6
- Outcome
- consumer preferencee6
- Direction
- increasinge6
- Qualifier
- grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditionse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts on lettuce growth”
e6“Foliar application of the SW extract increased the quality of cut lettuce grown in 125 mg L −1 K conditions by reducing the rate of respiration and increasing consumer preference”
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