Abstract
Abstract High-temperature (HT) stress is a major environmental stress that limits plant growth and development. MAPK cascades play key roles in plant growth and stress signaling, but their involvement in the HT stress response is poorly understood. Here, we describe a 47-kD MBP-phosphorylated protein (p47-MBPK) activated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves under HT and identify it as SlMPK1 by tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Silencing of SlMPK1 in transgenic tomato plants resulted in enhanced tolerance to HT, while overexpression resulted in reduced tolerance. Proteomic analysis identified a set of proteins involved in antioxidant defense that are significantly more abundant in RNA interference-SlMPK1 plants than nontransgenic plants under HT stress. RNA interference-SlMPK1 plants also showed changes in membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, using yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified a serine-proline-rich protein homolog, SlSPRH1, which interacts with SlMPK1 in yeast, in plant cells, and in vitro. We demonstrate that SlMPK1 can directly phosphorylate SlSPRH1. Furthermore, the serine residue serine-44 of SlSPRH1 is a crucial phosphorylation site in the SlMPK1-mediated antioxidant defense mechanism activated during HT stress. We also demonstrate that heterologous expression of SlSPRH1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) led to a decrease in thermotolerance and lower antioxidant capacity. Taken together, our results suggest that SlMPK1 is a negative regulator of thermotolerance in tomato plants. SlMPK1 acts by regulating antioxidant defense, and its substrate SlSPRH1 is involved in this pathway.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
A 47-kD heat-activated tomato leaf protein was identified as SlMPK1.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- HTe0
- Gene
- SlMPK1e0
- Outcome
- activatede0
- Value
- 47-kDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a 47-kD MBP-phosphorylated protein (p47-MBPK) activated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves under HT and identify it as SlMPK1”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMPK1 silencing enhanced tomato heat tolerance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Silencing of SlMPK1e0
- Gene
- SlMPK1e0
- Outcome
- tolerance to HTe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of SlMPK1 in transgenic tomato plants resulted in enhanced tolerance to HT”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMPK1 overexpression reduced tomato heat tolerance.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- overexpressione0
- Gene
- SlMPK1t0
- Outcome
- tolerancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while overexpression resulted in reduced tolerance”
t0“The Tomato Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase SlMPK1”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant defense proteins were significantly more abundant in SlMPK1 RNA interference plants than nontransgenic plants under heat stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- RNA interference-SlMPK1e0
- Gene
- SlMPK1e0
- Outcome
- proteins involved in antioxidant defensee0
- Direction
- more abundante0
- Comparator
- nontransgenic plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proteins involved in antioxidant defense that are significantly more abundant in RNA interference-SlMPK1 plants than nontransgenic plants under HT stress”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMPK1 RNA interference plants showed changes in membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- RNA interference-SlMPK1 plantse0
- Outcome
- membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNA interference-SlMPK1 plants also showed changes in membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlSPRH1 interacted with SlMPK1 in yeast, plant cells and in vitro.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlSPRH1e0
- Outcome
- interacts with SlMPK1e0
- Setting
- plant cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlSPRH1, which interacts with SlMPK1 in yeast, in plant cells, and in vitro”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMPK1 directly phosphorylated SlSPRH1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlMPK1e0
- Outcome
- directly phosphorylate SlSPRH1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlMPK1 can directly phosphorylate SlSPRH1”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlSPRH1 serine-44 was a crucial phosphorylation site in heat-activated antioxidant defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlSPRH1e0
- Outcome
- crucial phosphorylation sitee0
- Qualifier
- serine-44e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the serine residue serine-44 of SlSPRH1 is a crucial phosphorylation site in the SlMPK1-mediated antioxidant defense mechanism activated during HT stress”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Heterologous SlSPRH1 expression reduced Arabidopsis thermotolerance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- heterologous expression of SlSPRH1e0
- Gene
- SlSPRH1e0
- Outcome
- thermotolerancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heterologous expression of SlSPRH1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) led to a decrease in thermotolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Heterologous SlSPRH1 expression lowered Arabidopsis antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- heterologous expression of SlSPRH1e0
- Gene
- SlSPRH1e0
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heterologous expression of SlSPRH1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) led to a decrease in thermotolerance and lower antioxidant capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret SlMPK1 as a negative regulator of tomato thermotolerance through antioxidant defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- SlMPK1e0
- Outcome
- thermotolerancee0
- Qualifier
- regulating antioxidant defensee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlMPK1 is a negative regulator of thermotolerance in tomato plants. SlMPK1 acts by regulating antioxidant defense”
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