Abstract
difficult to transplant from greenhouse to field conditions without providing sufficient fertilizer and appropriate growing conditions.Since the soils in the region exhibit fertility problems, farmers are demanding virus-free seedlings that can adapt to poor soil conditions as plants in citrus-growing soils generally exhibit P, Zn and Fe deficiency.Wang and Xia (2009) showed that colonization with G. versiforme significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, leaf numbers and dry mass.G. mosseae-inoculated citrus-grafted trifoliate orange seedlings exhibited a significant increase in plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and shoot length (Wu et al., 2017;Wu and Xia, 2005).Sharma et al. (2009) reported a significant increase in growth parameters, namely height, diameter, root length, and leaf area, which were more evident for seedlings inoculated with G. fasciculate and G. mosseae.Similarly, the results of Cho et al. (2009) showed that plant growth characteristics, such as plant height, root length, leaf area, number of lateral roots, fresh weight of shoots and roots, and chlorophyll content, were significantly enhanced in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) inoculated seedlings compared with non-inoculated seedlings.AM mycorrhiza not only take up P but can also take up German Society for Horticultural Science SummaryIt is necessary to know the nutrient requirement of citrus plants during the growing period to ensure optimal growth.As fertilizers are limited and expensive, in addition to the unknown long-term environmental aspect, it is good practice to use plant rhizosphere mechanisms, such as mycorrhizal inoculation, to enhance growth.As citrus plants depend on mycorrhizae colonization, it is beneficial to inoculate seedlings with mycorrhizae at an early stage.Thus, investigating citrus seedling quality and nutrition, with and without mycorrhizae, under greenhouse conditions is important in order to elucidate the impact of mycorrhizae in the eastern Mediterranean region.The aim of this study was to determine the role of mycorrhizal inoculation on citrus seedling growth, nutrient uptake and mycorrhizal dependency at specific time intervals.The experiments were set up under greenhouse conditions, using mycorrhiza-inoculated and non-inoculated sour orange seedlings grown over 15 months, which were harvested seven times.Citrus seedlings were extensively colonized by mycorrhizae and root colonization started 5-6 months after germination.Mycorrhizae inoculation increased certain growth parameters including shoot diameter, shoot height, and shoot and root dry weight.As the plant developed over time, the nutrient concentration, especially P, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu in the leaves decreased in both inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings.Over this time period, the seedlings initially absorbed nutrients more rapidly than later on due to dilution effects.Mycorrhizal Responsiveness (MR) between harvest times was calculated and showed that MR increased with plant growth over time.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Citrus seedlings were extensively colonized by mycorrhizae, with root colonization starting 5-6 months after germination.
- Material
- sour orangee1
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- root colonizatione2
- Value
- 5-6 monthse2
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Time period and nutrient contents alter the mycorrhizal responsiveness of citrus seedlings”
e1“The experiments were set up under greenhouse conditions, using mycorrhiza-inoculated and non-inoculated sour orange seedlings grown over 15 months”
e2“Citrus seedlings were extensively colonized by mycorrhizae and root colonization started 5-6 months after germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizae inoculation increased certain growth parameters of sour orange seedlings (shoot diameter, shoot height, and shoot and root dry weight) compared with non-inoculated seedlings.
- Material
- sour orangee1
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizae inoculatione3
- Interactor
- Mycorrhizaee3symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot diameter, shoot height, and shoot and root dry weighte3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- certain growth parameterse3
- Comparator
- non-inoculatede1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Time period and nutrient contents alter the mycorrhizal responsiveness of citrus seedlings”
e1“The experiments were set up under greenhouse conditions, using mycorrhiza-inoculated and non-inoculated sour orange seedlings grown over 15 months”
e3“Mycorrhizae inoculation increased certain growth parameters including shoot diameter, shoot height, and shoot and root dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nutrient concentrations (especially P, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu) decreased over time in both inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings.
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Outcome
- nutrient concentratione4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Qualifier
- especially P, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cue4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Time period and nutrient contents alter the mycorrhizal responsiveness of citrus seedlings”
e4“As the plant developed over time, the nutrient concentration, especially P, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu in the leaves decreased in both inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings absorbed nutrients more rapidly early in the period than later, attributed to dilution effects.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Time period and nutrient contents alter the mycorrhizal responsiveness of citrus seedlings”
e5“Over this time period, the seedlings initially absorbed nutrients more rapidly than later on due to dilution effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal responsiveness of citrus seedlings increased with plant growth over time.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Time period and nutrient contents alter the mycorrhizal responsiveness of citrus seedlings”
e6“Mycorrhizal Responsiveness (MR) between harvest times was calculated and showed that MR increased with plant growth over time”
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