Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at Rice Research Station, Khudwani Anantnag (J&K) India during kharif 2008–2009 to study the efficacy of leaf extracts of some medicinal plants viz, P.communis, M. longifolia, C. officinalis, C. album, C. sativa and D. stramonium as seed treatment and foliar sprays against rice blast disease in-vivo. The experiment was laid down in (RBD) with three replications. The incidence and severity of blast disease was recorded at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days after sowing by using SES (0–9) scale. The results revealed that seeds of rice variety China −1007 treated with leaf extracts of Pyrus communis @ 250mlkg−1 seeds recorded lowest disease incidence (0.16%), least disease severity (0.10%) and only three days for the germination/sprouting of seeds, superior seedling vigour index (4.0) and remarkably significant increase in grain yield in both the conditions as compared to control followed by Calendula officinalis (incidence = 0.60% and severity = 0.20%) and Mentha longifolia (incidence = 0.65% and severity = 0.25%) with remarkable 4 days of seed germination/sprouting. Other plant leaves extracts were also found effective but to a lesser extent. The results also indicate that the three sprays of standard solution @ 15% of leaf extract of Pyrus communis greatly exterminated disease incidence suppression (3.43%) on tillering, (4.15%) on booting and (0.11%) on neck stages of the crop. Apart of treatments, low grain yield, maximum disease incidence on tillering (20.00%), booting (22.41%) and neck blast stages (2.21%) was observed in unsprayed plots.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis seed extract produced the lowest blast incidence, 0.16%.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- China −1007e0
- Treatment
- leaf extracts of Pyrus communis @ 250mlkg−1 seedse0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe grisea
Pyricularia griseat0pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds of rice variety China −1007 treated with leaf extracts of Pyrus communis @ 250mlkg−1 seeds recorded lowest disease incidence (0.16%)”
t0“Magnaporthe grisea”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis seed extract produced the least blast severity, 0.10%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- leaf extractst0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Value
- 0.10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“least disease severity (0.10%)”
t0“leaf extracts of certain medicinal plants through seed treatment and foliar sprays against rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis seed treatment shortened rice sprouting to three days.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seed treatmentt0
- Outcome
- germination/sprouting of seedse0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- three dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only three days for the germination/sprouting of seeds”
t0“seed treatment and foliar sprays against rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea) in Kashmir, India”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis seed extract gave a seedling vigour index of 4.0.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seed treatmentt0
- Outcome
- seedling vigour indexe0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 4.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“superior seedling vigour index (4.0)”
t0“seed treatment and foliar sprays against rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea) in Kashmir, India”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis seed extract significantly increased grain yield versus control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seed treatmentt0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“remarkably significant increase in grain yield in both the conditions as compared to control”
t0“seed treatment and foliar sprays against rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea) in Kashmir, India”
Claim · model-written summary
Calendula officinalis treatment gave blast incidence of 0.60%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Calendula officinalise0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Value
- 0.60%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calendula officinalis (incidence = 0.60% and severity = 0.20%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Calendula officinalis treatment gave blast severity of 0.20%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Calendula officinalise0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Value
- 0.20%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calendula officinalis (incidence = 0.60% and severity = 0.20%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mentha longifolia treatment gave blast incidence of 0.65%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Mentha longifoliae0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Value
- 0.65%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mentha longifolia (incidence = 0.65% and severity = 0.25%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mentha longifolia treatment gave blast severity of 0.25%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Mentha longifoliae0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Value
- 0.25%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mentha longifolia (incidence = 0.65% and severity = 0.25%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
The next effective extracts yielded four-day rice germination or sprouting.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- seed germination/sproutinge0
- Value
- 4 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with remarkable 4 days of seed germination/sprouting.”
t0“rice blast disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Other leaf extracts were effective to a lesser extent.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- effective but to a lesser extente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other plant leaves extracts were also found effective but to a lesser extent.”
t0“rice blast disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis sprays yielded tillering blast incidence of 3.43%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tilleringe0
- Treatment
- three sprays of standard solution @ 15% of leaf extract of Pyrus communise0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Value
- 3.43%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“three sprays of standard solution @ 15% of leaf extract of Pyrus communis greatly exterminated disease incidence suppression (3.43%) on tillering”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis sprays yielded booting blast incidence of 4.15%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- bootinge0
- Treatment
- foliar sprayst0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Value
- 4.15%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease incidence suppression (3.43%) on tillering, (4.15%) on booting”
t0“foliar sprays against rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrus communis sprays yielded neck blast incidence of 0.11%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- neck stagese0
- Treatment
- foliar sprayst0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Value
- 0.11%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease incidence suppression (3.43%) on tillering, (4.15%) on booting and (0.11%) on neck stages of the crop.”
t0“foliar sprays against rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Unsprayed plots had low grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low grain yield”
t0“rice blast disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Unsprayed plots had maximum tillering blast incidence of 20.00%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tilleringe0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 20.00%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum disease incidence on tillering (20.00%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Unsprayed plots had maximum booting blast incidence of 22.41%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- bootinge0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 22.41%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum disease incidence on tillering (20.00%), booting (22.41%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Unsprayed plots had maximum neck blast incidence of 2.21%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- neck blast stagese0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe griseaPyricularia griseat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2.21%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum disease incidence on tillering (20.00%), booting (22.41%) and neck blast stages (2.21%)”
t0“rice blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea)”
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