Abstract
The plant-specific WRINKLED1 (WRI1) is a member of the AP2/EREBP class of transcription factors that positively regulate oil biosynthesis in plant tissues. Limited information is available for the role of WRI1 in oil biosynthesis in castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.), an important industrial oil crop. Here, we report the identification of two alternatively spliced transcripts of RcWRI1, designated as RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-B. The open reading frames of RcWRI1-A (1341 bp) and RcWRI1-B (1332 bp) differ by a stretch of 9 bp, such that the predicted RcWRI1-B lacks the three amino acid residues “VYL” that are present in RcWRI1-A. The RcWRI1-A transcript is present in flowers, leaves, pericarps and developing seeds, while the RcWRI1-B mRNA is only detectable in developing seeds. When the two isoforms were individually introduced into an Arabidopsis wri1-1 loss-of-function mutant, total fatty acid content was almost restored to the wild-type level, and the percentage of the wrinkled seeds was largely reduced in the transgenic lines relative to the wri1-1 mutant line. Transient expression of each RcWRI1 splice isoform in N. benthamiana leaves upregulated the expression of the WRI1 target genes, and consequently increased the oil content by 4.3–4.9 fold when compared with the controls, and RcWRI1-B appeared to be more active than RcWRI1-A. Both RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-B can be used as a key transcriptional regulator to enhance fatty acid and oil biosynthesis in leafy biomass.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Two alternatively spliced RcWRI1 transcripts, RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-B, were identified in castor.
- Taxon
- castor bean
Ricinus communise0 - Gene
- RcWRI1e1
- Outcome
- two alternatively spliced transcriptse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.)”
e1“identification of two alternatively spliced transcripts of RcWRI1, designated as RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-B”
Claim · model-written summary
RcWRI1-B lacks the three VYL residues present in RcWRI1-A.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise0
- Gene
- RcWRI1-Be1
- Outcome
- lacks the three amino acid residues “VYL”e1
- Value
- 9 bpe1
- Comparator
- RcWRI1-Ae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.)”
e1“The open reading frames of RcWRI1-A (1341 bp) and RcWRI1-B (1332 bp) differ by a stretch of 9 bp, such that the predicted RcWRI1-B lacks the three amino acid residues “VYL” that are present in RcWRI1-A.”
Claim · model-written summary
RcWRI1-A transcript was present in flowers, leaves, pericarps and developing seeds.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise0
- Gene
- RcWRI1-Ae1
- Outcome
- present in flowers, leaves, pericarps and developing seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.)”
e1“The RcWRI1-A transcript is present in flowers, leaves, pericarps and developing seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
RcWRI1-B mRNA was detectable only in developing seeds.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise0
- Gene
- RcWRI1-Be1
- Outcome
- only detectable in developing seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.)”
e1“the RcWRI1-B mRNA is only detectable in developing seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Introducing RcWRI1-A into the Arabidopsis wri1-1 mutant nearly restored total fatty acid content to wild-type levels.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Material
- wri1-1 loss-of-function mutante0
- Treatment
- introducede1
- Gene
- RcWRI1-Ae2
- Outcome
- total fatty acid contente1
- Direction
- restorede1
- Comparator
- wild-type levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis wri1-1 loss-of-function mutant”
e1“When the two isoforms were individually introduced into an Arabidopsis wri1-1 loss-of-function mutant, total fatty acid content was almost restored to the wild-type level”
e2“RcWRI1-A transcript”
Claim · model-written summary
Introducing RcWRI1-B into the Arabidopsis wri1-1 mutant nearly restored total fatty acid content to wild-type levels.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- wri1-1 loss-of-function mutante0
- Treatment
- introducede1
- Gene
- RcWRI1-Be2
- Outcome
- total fatty acid contente1
- Direction
- restorede1
- Comparator
- wild-type levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis wri1-1 loss-of-function mutant”
e1“When the two isoforms were individually introduced into an Arabidopsis wri1-1 loss-of-function mutant, total fatty acid content was almost restored to the wild-type level”
e2“RcWRI1-B mRNA”
Claim · model-written summary
Introducing the RcWRI1 isoforms reduced wrinkled-seed percentage relative to the wri1-1 mutant line.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- transgenic linese1
- Outcome
- percentage of the wrinkled seedse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- wri1-1 mutant linee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis wri1-1 loss-of-function mutant”
e1“the percentage of the wrinkled seeds was largely reduced in the transgenic lines relative to the wri1-1 mutant line”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient RcWRI1-A expression upregulated WRI1 target genes in N. benthamiana leaves.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of each RcWRI1 splice isoforme0
- Gene
- WRI1 target genese0
- Outcome
- expression of the WRI1 target genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of each RcWRI1 splice isoform in N. benthamiana leaves upregulated the expression of the WRI1 target genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient RcWRI1-B expression upregulated WRI1 target genes in N. benthamiana leaves.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of each RcWRI1 splice isoforme0
- Gene
- WRI1 target genese0
- Outcome
- expression of the WRI1 target genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of each RcWRI1 splice isoform in N. benthamiana leaves upregulated the expression of the WRI1 target genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient expression of each RcWRI1 isoform increased tobacco leaf oil content 4.3–4.9 fold over controls.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of each RcWRI1 splice isoform in N. benthamiana leaves upregulated the expression of the WRI1 target genes, and consequently increased the oil content by 4.3–4.9 fold when compared with the controls”
Claim · model-written summary
RcWRI1-B appeared more active than RcWRI1-A.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise0
- Gene
- RcWRI1-Be1
- Outcome
- more activee1
- Direction
- more activee1
- Comparator
- RcWRI1-Ae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.)”
e1“RcWRI1-B appeared to be more active than RcWRI1-A”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-B as regulators to enhance fatty acid and oil biosynthesis in leafy biomass.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise0
- Gene
- RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-Be1
- Outcome
- can be used as a key transcriptional regulator to enhance fatty acid and oil biosynthesis in leafy biomasse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“castor bean (Ricinus connunis L.)”
e1“Both RcWRI1-A and RcWRI1-B can be used as a key transcriptional regulator to enhance fatty acid and oil biosynthesis in leafy biomass.”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · molecular: expression · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →transgenic · quality: oil · Nicotiana benthamianaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.