Abstract
Understanding the factors that alter competitive interactions and coexistence between plants is a key issue in ecological research. A pot experiment was conducted to test the effects of root interaction and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on the interspecies competition between Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne under different proportions of mixed sowing by the combination treatment of two levels of AMF inoculation (inoculation and non-inoculation) and two levels of root interaction (root interaction and non-root interaction). Overall, the aboveground and belowground biomass of T. repens and L. perenne were not altered by AMF inoculation across planting ratios, probably because the fertile soil reduced the positive effect of AMF on plant growth. Both inter- and intraspecies root interaction significantly decreased the aboveground biomass of T. repens , but tended to increase the aboveground biomass of L. perenne across planting ratios, and thus peaked at the 4:4 polyculture. These results showed that T. repens competed poorly with L. perenne because of inter and intraspecies root interaction. Our results indicate that interspecies root interaction regulates the competitive ability of grass L. perenne and legume T. repens in mixtures and further makes great contribution for overyielding. Furthermore, AMF may not be involved in plant–plant interaction in fertile condition.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation did not alter aboveground or belowground biomass of T. repens across planting ratios.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens
Trifolium repenst0 - Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- aboveground and belowground biomasse0
- Direction
- not alterede0
- Comparator
- non-inoculatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the aboveground and belowground biomass of T. repens and L. perenne were not altered by AMF inoculation across planting ratios”
e1“inoculation and non-inoculation”
t0“Trifolium repens”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation did not alter aboveground or belowground biomass of L. perenne across planting ratios.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne
Lolium perennet0 - Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- aboveground and belowground biomasse0
- Direction
- not alterede0
- Comparator
- non-inoculatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the aboveground and belowground biomass of T. repens and L. perenne were not altered by AMF inoculation across planting ratios”
e1“inoculation and non-inoculation”
t0“Lolium perenne”
Claim · model-written summary
Inter- and intraspecies root interaction significantly decreased aboveground biomass of T. repens across planting ratios.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repensTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inter- and intraspecies root interactione0
- Interactor
- Lolium perenneLolium perennet0other
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- non-root interactione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both inter- and intraspecies root interaction significantly decreased the aboveground biomass of T. repens”
e1“root interaction and non-root interaction”
t0“Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne”
Claim · model-written summary
Inter- and intraspecies root interaction tended to increase aboveground biomass of L. perenne across planting ratios.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenneLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- inter- and intraspecies root interactione0
- Interactor
- Trifolium repensTrifolium repenst0other
- Outcome
- aboveground biomass of L. perennee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- non-root interactione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both inter- and intraspecies root interaction significantly decreased the aboveground biomass of T. repens , but tended to increase the aboveground biomass of L. perenne across planting ratios”
e1“root interaction and non-root interaction”
t0“Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne”
Claim · model-written summary
L. perenne aboveground biomass peaked at the 4:4 polyculture.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenneLolium perennet0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomass of L. perennee1
- Direction
- peakede0
- Qualifier
- 4:4 polyculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and thus peaked at the 4:4 polyculture”
e1“aboveground biomass of L. perenne”
t0“Lolium perenne”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that T. repens competed poorly with L. perenne because of root interaction.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repensTrifolium repenst0
- Interactor
- Lolium perenneLolium perennet0other
- Outcome
- competed poorlye0
- Qualifier
- inter and intraspecies root interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. repens competed poorly with L. perenne because of inter and intraspecies root interaction”
t0“Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that interspecies root interaction contributes to overyielding in mixtures.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repensTrifolium repenst0
- Interactor
- Lolium perenneLolium perennet0other
- Outcome
- overyieldinge0
- Qualifier
- interspecies root interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“interspecies root interaction regulates the competitive ability of grass L. perenne and legume T. repens in mixtures and further makes great contribution for overyielding”
t0“Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest AMF may not participate in plant interactions under fertile conditions.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repensTrifolium repenst0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant–plant interactione0
- Qualifier
- in fertile conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF may not be involved in plant–plant interaction in fertile condition”
t0“Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne”
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See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.