Abstract
To evaluate the impact of different zinc application methods on yield and yield components of various wheat cultivars, a field experiment was carried out at Student’s Farm, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, during winter 2014-2015. The experiment was laid out in RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with factorial arrangement. In this experiment, all the treatments were replicated three times, using the net plot size of 1.8 m × 5.0 m. The experiment comprised of two factors. Factor A consists of two varieties: Faisalabad-2008 and Punjab-2011. While, Factor B consists of different methods of zinc application, control, zinc application in soil before planting 23 kg·ha-1, zinc foliar application, 4% ZnSO4 solution at two stages (tillering and stem elongation stage). The data regarding different parameters were collected and analyzed from the crop using standard procedures. Regarding the impact of zinc application method maximum plant height at maturity (103.6 cm), total number of tillers (564.67 m-2), spike length (10.83 cm), number of spikelets spike-1 (19.50), number of grains spike-1 (50.36), 1000-grain weight (34.16 g), biological yield (11.93 t·ha-1), grain yield (6.00 t·ha-1) and harvest index (39.25%) were recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages. Similarly, grain zinc contents (33.11 mg·kg-1), grain protein contents (10.1%) and grain carbohydrate contents (64.23%) were also observed in the treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages, which is better than all other treatments. In case of wheat varieties, Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm), number of grains spike-1 (48.80), 1000-grain weight (33.81 g), biological yield (10.32 t·ha-1), grain yield (5.0 t·ha-1) and harvest index (33.93%). It is concluded that sowing of wheat cultivar Faisalabad-2008 + application of zinc in soil before planting with foliar application at later stages (tillering and stem elongation stage) of wheat could give better results in terms of yield.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc application gave the maximum wheat plant height at maturity, 103.6 cm.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese1
- Outcome
- plant height at maturitye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 103.6 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum plant height at maturity (103.6 cm)”
e1“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave the maximum wheat tiller count, 564.67 m-2.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- total number of tillerse0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 564.67 m-2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total number of tillers (564.67 m-2)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity (103.6 cm), total number of tillers”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave maximum wheat spike length of 10.83 cm.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 10.83 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spike length (10.83 cm)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity (103.6 cm), total number of tillers (564.67 m-2), spike length”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave the maximum 19.50 spikelets per spike.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- number of spikelets spike-1e0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 19.50e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of spikelets spike-1 (19.50)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave the maximum 50.36 grains per spike.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- number of grains spike-1e0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 50.36e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of grains spike-1 (50.36)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave maximum 1000-grain weight of 34.16 g.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 34.16 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-grain weight (34.16 g)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave maximum biological yield of 11.93 t·ha-1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 11.93 t·ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biological yield (11.93 t·ha-1)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave maximum grain yield of 6.00 t·ha-1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 6.00 t·ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield (6.00 t·ha-1)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave maximum harvest index of 39.25%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese2
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 39.25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvest index (39.25%)”
e1“maximum plant height at maturity”
e2“recorded in treatment where zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave better grain zinc content of 33.11 mg·kg-1 than other treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese1
- Outcome
- grain zinc contentse0
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- 33.11 mg·kg-1e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain zinc contents (33.11 mg·kg-1)”
e1“zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages, which is better than all other treatments”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave better grain protein content of 10.1% than other treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese1
- Outcome
- grain protein contentse0
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- 10.1%e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain protein contents (10.1%)”
e1“zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages, which is better than all other treatments”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc gave better grain carbohydrate content of 64.23% than other treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stagese1
- Outcome
- grain carbohydrate contentse0
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- 64.23%e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain carbohydrate contents (64.23%)”
e1“zinc was applied both in the soil before planting and by foliar application on later growth stages, which is better than all other treatments”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in tiller number, reaching 460.67 m-2.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- total number of tillerse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 460.67 m-2e0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in spike length, reaching 9.70 cm.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 9.70 cme0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in grains per spike, reaching 48.80.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- number of grains spike-1e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 48.80e0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm), number of grains spike-1 (48.80)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in 1000-grain weight, reaching 33.81 g.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 33.81 ge0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm), number of grains spike-1 (48.80), 1000-grain weight (33.81 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in biological yield, reaching 10.32 t·ha-1.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 10.32 t·ha-1e0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm), number of grains spike-1 (48.80), 1000-grain weight (33.81 g), biological yield (10.32 t·ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in grain yield, reaching 5.0 t·ha-1.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 5.0 t·ha-1e0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm), number of grains spike-1 (48.80), 1000-grain weight (33.81 g), biological yield (10.32 t·ha-1), grain yield (5.0 t·ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faisalabad-2008 exceeded Punjab-2011 in harvest index, reaching 33.93%.
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 33.93%e0
- Comparator
- Punjab-2011e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Faisalabad-2008 performed better than Punjab-2011, with maximum method maximum total number of tillers (460.67 m-2), spike length (9.70 cm), number of grains spike-1 (48.80), 1000-grain weight (33.81 g), biological yield (10.32 t·ha-1), grain yield (5.0 t·ha-1) and harvest index (33.93%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Faisalabad-2008 with soil zinc before planting and later foliar zinc for better wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Faisalabad-2008e0
- Treatment
- application of zinc in soil before planting with foliar application at later stages (tillering and stem elongation stage)e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- bettere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sowing of wheat cultivar Faisalabad-2008 + application of zinc in soil before planting with foliar application at later stages (tillering and stem elongation stage) of wheat could give better results in terms of yield”
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See all 21 papers →8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.