Abstract
Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world; hence, understanding the response of the crop to the form and amount of N provided is of immense importance. In a field experiment, poultry and cattle manure (at 10 t/ha) were compared with four inorganic nitrogen (N) application levels (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg N/ha), and six combinations of manure and N applications were investigated. Plant growth and total yield (kg/ha) significantly increased, when N application increased from 0 to 120 kg/ha, with or without added poultry manure. Plant height, leaf number and neck thickness were significantly reduced at 0 kg/ha N plus cattle manure. The bulb ascorbic acid concentration significantly increased with the use of poultry manure (15.94 mg/100 g) and cattle manure (15.94 mg/100 g), compared with 120 kg/ha inorganic N (11.42 mg/100 g). No significant effects were observed on total phenolics and total soluble solids of onion bulbs following the different fertiliser treatments. Cattle manure increased P and K concentrations, whilst poultry manure significantly increased Zn and Fe concentrations in onion bulbs. Onion bulb Ca and Mg concentrations were lower when cattle manure (0.19% and 0.12%) was used than when other organic or inorganic fertilisers were used. Therefore, organic manure increases the concentrations of certain minerals in onions, compared with inorganic N application, without negatively affecting bulb size.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
N application from 0 to 120 kg/ha significantly increased plant growth and total onion yield, with or without added poultry manure.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- N applicatione1
- Outcome
- Plant growth and total yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- with or without added poultry manuree1
- Comparator
- from 0e1
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e1“Plant growth and total yield (kg/ha) significantly increased, when N application increased from 0 to 120 kg/ha, with or without added poultry manure”
e2“In a field experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height, leaf number and neck thickness of onion were significantly reduced at 0 kg/ha N plus cattle manure.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- 0 kg/ha N plus cattle manuree3
- Outcome
- Plant height, leaf number and neck thicknesse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Setting
- field experimente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e2“In a field experiment”
e3“Plant height, leaf number and neck thickness were significantly reduced at 0 kg/ha N plus cattle manure”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure increased onion bulb ascorbic acid concentration to 15.94 mg/100 g, compared with 120 kg/ha inorganic N (11.42 mg/100 g).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Organ / stage
- bulbe4
- Treatment
- poultry manuree4
- Outcome
- bulb ascorbic acid concentratione4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 15.94 mg/100 ge4
- Qualifier
- 11.42 mg/100 ge4
- Comparator
- 120 kg/ha inorganic Ne4
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e2“In a field experiment”
e4“The bulb ascorbic acid concentration significantly increased with the use of poultry manure (15.94 mg/100 g) and cattle manure (15.94 mg/100 g), compared with 120 kg/ha inorganic N (11.42 mg/100 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure increased onion bulb ascorbic acid concentration to 15.94 mg/100 g, compared with 120 kg/ha inorganic N (11.42 mg/100 g).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Organ / stage
- bulbe4
- Treatment
- cattle manuree4
- Outcome
- bulb ascorbic acid concentratione4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 15.94 mg/100 ge4
- Qualifier
- 11.42 mg/100 ge4
- Comparator
- 120 kg/ha inorganic Ne4
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e2“In a field experiment”
e4“The bulb ascorbic acid concentration significantly increased with the use of poultry manure (15.94 mg/100 g) and cattle manure (15.94 mg/100 g), compared with 120 kg/ha inorganic N (11.42 mg/100 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolics and total soluble solids of onion bulbs did not differ significantly among the fertiliser treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Organ / stage
- bulbse5
- Treatment
- different fertiliser treatmentse5
- Outcome
- total phenolics and total soluble solidse5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Setting
- field experimente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e2“In a field experiment”
e5“No significant effects were observed on total phenolics and total soluble solids of onion bulbs following the different fertiliser treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure increased P and K concentrations in onion bulbs.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Organ / stage
- bulbse6
- Treatment
- Cattle manuree6
- Outcome
- P and K concentrationse6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Setting
- field experimente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e2“In a field experiment”
e6“Cattle manure increased P and K concentrations, whilst poultry manure significantly increased Zn and Fe concentrations in onion bulbs”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure significantly increased Zn and Fe concentrations in onion bulbs.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Organ / stage
- bulbse6
- Treatment
- poultry manuree6
- Outcome
- Zn and Fe concentrationse6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Setting
- field experimente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world”
e2“In a field experiment”
e6“Cattle manure increased P and K concentrations, whilst poultry manure significantly increased Zn and Fe concentrations in onion bulbs”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure lowered onion bulb Ca concentration to 0.19%, below other organic or inorganic fertilisers.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepae7
- Organ / stage
- bulbe7
- Treatment
- cattle manuree7
- Outcome
- Cae7
- Direction
- lowere7
- Value
- 0.19%e7
- Comparator
- other organic or inorganic fertiliserse7
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“In a field experiment”
e7“Onion bulb Ca and Mg concentrations were lower when cattle manure (0.19% and 0.12%) was used than when other organic or inorganic fertilisers were used”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure lowered onion bulb Mg concentration to 0.12%, below other organic or inorganic fertilisers.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepae7
- Organ / stage
- bulbe7
- Treatment
- cattle manuree7
- Outcome
- Mge7
- Direction
- lowere7
- Value
- 0.12%e7
- Comparator
- other organic or inorganic fertiliserse7
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“In a field experiment”
e7“Onion bulb Ca and Mg concentrations were lower when cattle manure (0.19% and 0.12%) was used than when other organic or inorganic fertilisers were used”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manure, compared with inorganic N application, did not negatively affect onion bulb size.
- Taxon
- onionsAllium cepae1
- Treatment
- organic manuree1
- Outcome
- bulb sizee1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- inorganic N applicatione1
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“In a field experiment”
e1“Therefore, organic manure increases the concentrations of certain minerals in onions, compared with inorganic N application, without negatively affecting bulb size”
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