Abstract
A field experiment was designed to study the effect of nitrogen rates and application time on growth and yield of maize at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during summer 2014. An experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design using three replications. Four nitrogen rates (80, 120, 160 and 200 kg ha -1 ) were applied as full at sowing ( AT1), at sowing + at 25 days after sowing (AT2) and 1/3 at sowing + 1/3 at 25 days after sowing + 1/3 at 50 days after sowing (AT3). Results showed that all studied parameters were significantly affected by N-levels. Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 . The results further revealed that maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing. The interactive effect of N rates and application time was found significant for mean leaf area. It was concluded that nitrogen at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 and application of N at sowing + at 25 days after sowing is most reliable for yield and production of maize crop in the study region and thus optional for general use in agriculture.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, leaf area was maximal at 258.19 cm 2.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, plant height was maximal at 188 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, grains ear -1 was maximal at 369.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, 1000-grains weight was maximal at 245 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, biological yield was maximal at 9593 kg ha -1.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, grain yield was maximal at 4109 kg ha -1.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At 160 kg N ha -1, harvest index was maximal at 42 %.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum mean leaf area (258.19 cm 2 ), plant height (188 cm), grains ear -1 (369), 1000-grains weight (245 g), biological yield (9593 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (4109 kg ha -1 ) and harvest index (42 %) were observed with application of 160 kg N ha -1 .”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-stage N application gave maximum leaf area of 260 cm 2.
- Treatment
- N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 260 cm 2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-stage N application gave maximum plant height of 184 cm.
- Treatment
- N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 184 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-stage N application gave maximum grains ear -1 of 380.
- Treatment
- N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- grains ear -1e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 380e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-stage N application gave maximum biological yield of 9195 kg ha -1.
- Treatment
- N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 9195 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-stage N application gave maximum 1000-grains weight of 247 g.
- Treatment
- N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- 1000-grains weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 247 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-stage N application gave maximum grain yield of 3707 kg ha -1.
- Treatment
- N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 3707 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum mean leaf area (260 cm 2 ), plant height (184 cm), grains ear -1 (380), biological yield (9195 kg ha -1 ), 1000-grains weight (247 g) and grain yield (3707 kg ha -1 ) were recorded when N was applied at sowing + at 25 days after sowing.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen rate and application time interacted significantly for leaf area.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interactive effect of N rates and application time was found significant for mean leaf area.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 160 kg ha -1 N split between sowing and 25 days for maize production.
- Outcome
- nitrogen at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 and application of N at sowing + at 25 days after sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 and application of N at sowing + at 25 days after sowing is most reliable for yield and production of maize crop in the study region and thus optional for general use in agriculture.”
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