Abstract
Developing cultivars with traits that can enhance and sustain productivity under climate change will be an important climate smart adaptation option. The modified CSM-CERES-Pearl millet model was used to assess yield gains by modifying plant traits determining crop maturity duration, potential yield and tolerance to drought and heat in pearl millet cultivars grown at six locations in arid (Hisar, Jodhpur, Bikaner) and semi-arid (Jaipur, Aurangabad and Bijapur) tropical India and two locations in semi-arid tropical West Africa (Sadore in Niamey and Cinzana in Mali). In all the study locations the yields decreased when crop maturity duration was decreased by 10% both in current and future climate conditions; however, 10% increase in crop maturity significantly (p<0.05) increased yields at Aurangabad and Bijapur, but not at other locations. Increasing yield potential traits by 10% increased yields under both the climate situations in India and West Africa. Drought tolerance imparted the lowest yield gain at Aurangabad (6%), the highest at Sadore (30%) and intermediate at the other locations under current climate. Under climate change the contribution of drought tolerance to the yield of cultivars either increased or decreased depending upon changes in rainfall of the locations. Yield benefits of heat tolerance substantially increased under climate change at most locations, having the greatest effects at Bikaner (17%) in India and Sadore (13%) in West Africa. Aurangabad and Bijapur locations had no yield advantage from heat tolerance due to their low temperature regimes. Thus drought and heat tolerance in pearl millet increased yields under climate change in both the arid and semi-arid tropical climates with greater benefit in relatively hotter environments. This study will assists the plant breeders in evaluating new promising plant traits of pearl millet for adapting to climate change at the selected locations and other similar environments.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing crop maturity duration by 10% decreased yields at all locations in current and future climates.
- Taxon
- pearl millet
Cenchrus americanust0 - Treatment
- crop maturity duration was decreased by 10%e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all the study locations the yields decreased when crop maturity duration was decreased by 10% both in current and future climate conditions”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing crop maturity by 10% significantly raised yields at Aurangabad and Bijapur.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- 10% increase in crop maturitye0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Aurangabad and Bijapure0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“10% increase in crop maturity significantly (p<0.05) increased yields at Aurangabad and Bijapur”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing crop maturity by 10% did not significantly raise yields at other locations.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- 10% increase in crop maturitye0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Setting
- other locationse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“10% increase in crop maturity significantly (p<0.05) increased yields at Aurangabad and Bijapur, but not at other locations”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing yield potential traits by 10% raised yields in both climate situations in India and West Africa.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Increasing yield potential traits by 10%e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- India and West Africae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing yield potential traits by 10% increased yields under both the climate situations in India and West Africa”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought tolerance produced a 6% yield gain at Aurangabad in current climate.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Drought tolerancee0
- Outcome
- yield gaine0
- Direction
- gaine0
- Value
- 6%e0
- Setting
- Aurangabade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought tolerance imparted the lowest yield gain at Aurangabad (6%), the highest at Sadore (30%) and intermediate at the other locations under current climate”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought tolerance produced a 30% yield gain at Sadore in current climate.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Drought tolerancee0
- Outcome
- yield gaine0
- Direction
- gaine0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Setting
- Sadoree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought tolerance imparted the lowest yield gain at Aurangabad (6%), the highest at Sadore (30%) and intermediate at the other locations under current climate”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought tolerance gave intermediate yield gains at other locations in current climate.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Drought tolerancee0
- Outcome
- yield gaine0
- Direction
- gaine0
- Setting
- other locationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought tolerance imparted the lowest yield gain at Aurangabad (6%), the highest at Sadore (30%) and intermediate at the other locations under current climate”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Under climate change, the yield contribution of drought tolerance increased or decreased according to local rainfall change.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- changes in rainfalle0
- Outcome
- contribution of drought tolerance to the yield of cultivarse0
- Direction
- increased or decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under climate change the contribution of drought tolerance to the yield of cultivars either increased or decreased depending upon changes in rainfall of the locations”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat-tolerance yield benefits increased substantially under climate change at most locations.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- heat tolerancee0
- Outcome
- Yield benefitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield benefits of heat tolerance substantially increased under climate change at most locations”
t0“pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat tolerance gave a 17% yield benefit at Bikaner under climate change.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- heat tolerancee1
- Outcome
- Yield benefitse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 17%e0
- Setting
- Bikanere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“having the greatest effects at Bikaner (17%) in India and Sadore (13%) in West Africa”
t0“pearl millet”
e1“Yield benefits of heat tolerance substantially increased under climate change at most locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat tolerance gave a 13% yield benefit at Sadore under climate change.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- heat tolerancee1
- Outcome
- Yield benefitse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 13%e0
- Setting
- Sadoree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“having the greatest effects at Bikaner (17%) in India and Sadore (13%) in West Africa”
t0“pearl millet”
e1“Yield benefits of heat tolerance substantially increased under climate change at most locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat tolerance offered no yield advantage at Aurangabad and Bijapur.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- heat tolerancee0
- Outcome
- yield advantagee0
- Direction
- no yield advantagee0
- Setting
- Aurangabad and Bijapure0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aurangabad and Bijapur locations had no yield advantage from heat tolerance due to their low temperature regimes”
t0“pearl millet”
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