Abstract
Light quality critically affects plant development and growth. Development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) enables the use of narrow band red and/or blue wavelengths as supplementary lighting in ornamental production. Yet, long periods under these wavelengths will affect leaf morphology and physiology. Leaf anatomy, stomatal traits and stomatal conductance, leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) and photosynthetic efficiency were investigated in three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves) after eight weeks under LED light. Four light treatments were applied at 100 µmol m-2 s-1 and a photoperiod of 16 hours using 100% red (R), 100% blue (B), 75% red with 25% blue (RB) and full spectrum white light (W), respectively. B and RB resulted in a greater maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and quantum efficiency (ΦPSII) in all species compared to R and W and this correlated with a lower biomass under R. B increased the stomatal conductance compared with R. This increase was linked to an increasing stomatal index and/or stomatal density but the stomatal aperture area was unaffected by the applied light quality. Leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) was not significantly affected by the applied light qualities. Blue light increased the leaf thickness of F. benjamina, and a relative higher increase in palisade parenchyma was observed. Also in S. speciosa, increase in palisade parenchyma was found under B and RB, though total leaf thickness was not affected. Palisade parenchyma tissue thickness was correlated to the leaf photosynthetic quantum efficiency (ΦPSII). In conclusion, the role of blue light addition in the spectrum is essential for the normal anatomical leaf development which also impacts the photosynthetic efficiency in the three studied species.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and mixed red blue light increased maximum quantum yield and quantum efficiency in all three species relative to red and white light.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australis
Cordyline australise1 - Treatment
- B and RBe0
- Outcome
- maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and quantum efficiency (ΦPSII)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- R and We0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B and RB resulted in a greater maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and quantum efficiency (ΦPSII) in all species compared to R and W”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass was lower under red light.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australisCordyline australise1
- Treatment
- Re0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this correlated with a lower biomass under R”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased stomatal conductance relative to red light.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australisCordyline australise1
- Treatment
- Be0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Re0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B increased the stomatal conductance compared with R”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in conductance was linked to increased stomatal index or density.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australisCordyline australise1
- Organ / stage
- stomatale0
- Outcome
- stomatal index and/or stomatal densitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This increase was linked to an increasing stomatal index and/or stomatal density”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal aperture area was unaffected by light quality.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australisCordyline australise1
- Treatment
- applied light qualitye0
- Outcome
- stomatal aperture areae0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the stomatal aperture area was unaffected by the applied light quality”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf hydraulic conductance was not significantly affected by light quality.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australisCordyline australise1
- Treatment
- applied light qualitiese0
- Outcome
- Leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf)e0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) was not significantly affected by the applied light qualities”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased Ficus benjamina leaf thickness.
- Taxon
- F. benjamina
Ficus benjaminae0 - Treatment
- Blue lighte0
- Outcome
- leaf thicknesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Blue light increased the leaf thickness of F. benjamina”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased palisade parenchyma relatively more in Ficus benjamina.
- Taxon
- F. benjaminaFicus benjaminae1
- Treatment
- Blue lighte1
- Outcome
- palisade parenchymae0
- Direction
- higher increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a relative higher increase in palisade parenchyma was observed”
e1“Blue light increased the leaf thickness of F. benjamina”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and mixed red blue light increased palisade parenchyma in Sinningia speciosa.
- Taxon
- S. speciosa
Sinningia speciosae0 - Treatment
- B and RBe0
- Outcome
- palisade parenchymae0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in S. speciosa, increase in palisade parenchyma was found under B and RB”
Claim · model-written summary
Total leaf thickness in Sinningia speciosa was unaffected.
- Taxon
- S. speciosaSinningia speciosae1
- Treatment
- B and RBe1
- Outcome
- total leaf thicknesse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total leaf thickness was not affected”
e1“in S. speciosa, increase in palisade parenchyma was found under B and RB”
Claim · model-written summary
Palisade parenchyma thickness correlated with leaf photosynthetic quantum efficiency.
- Taxon
- Cordyline australisCordyline australise1
- Organ / stage
- Palisade parenchyma tissuee0
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthetic quantum efficiency (ΦPSII)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Palisade parenchyma tissue thickness was correlated to the leaf photosynthetic quantum efficiency (ΦPSII)”
e1“three ornamental pot plants, namely Cordyline australis (monocot), Ficus benjamina (dicot, evergreen leaves) and Sinningia speciosa (dicot, deciduous leaves)”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Ficus benjamina (weeping fig)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.