Abstract
Experimental results proved that the development of Colletotrichum capsici B4 is extremely sensitive to water-soluble chitosan (WSC) and inhibitory effects increase with increasing concentrations of WSC. In the in vitro test, the results showed that the entire prevention of conidial germination and mycelial diameter development are recognized in a potato dextrose agar medium containing 0.4% and 0.8% WSC, respectively. WSC was more efficient in a potato dextrose broth where it absolutely prevented the mycelial development of C. capsici B4 at a concentration of 0.32%. WSC treatments considerably decreased disease prevalence and the lesion diameter of anthracnose disease on chilli pepper fruits in the in vivo experiments. Experiments in biochemistry indicated that the activities of the key defense-related enzymes in peel, consisting of chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and total phenolic content, were increased by both C. capsici B4 infection and C. capsici B4 treatment, and was further treated with a 0.5% WSC concentration. Practical applications From the present studies we conclude that water-soluble chitosan (WSC) can directly inhibit the development of C. capsici B4 isolated from infected chili pepper fruits showing typical symptoms of anthracnose in in vitro and effectively control anthracnose in chili pepper fruit in in vivo with concentration-dependent antifungal effects. These findings suggest that WSC may be recognized as a feasible effective alternative to artificial fungicides for postharvest disease control of chili pepper fruits.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitory effects of WSC on Colletotrichum capsici B4 increased with WSC concentration.
- Treatment
- WSCe0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum capsici B4Colletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitory effectse0
- Direction
- increasee0
CapsicumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in postharvest chili pepper”
e0“Experimental results proved that the development of Colletotrichum capsici B4 is extremely sensitive to water-soluble chitosan (WSC) and inhibitory effects increase with increasing concentrations of WSC”
Claim · model-written summary
WSC at 0.4% completely prevented conidial germination of C. capsici B4 on potato dextrose agar.
- Treatment
- WSCe1
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum capsici B4Colletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- conidial germinatione1
- Direction
- preventione1
- Value
- 0.4%e1
- Setting
- potato dextrose agar mediume1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in postharvest chili pepper”
e0“Experimental results proved that the development of Colletotrichum capsici B4 is extremely sensitive to water-soluble chitosan (WSC) and inhibitory effects increase with increasing concentrations of WSC”
e1“the entire prevention of conidial germination and mycelial diameter development are recognized in a potato dextrose agar medium containing 0.4% and 0.8% WSC, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
WSC at 0.8% completely prevented mycelial diameter development of C. capsici B4 on potato dextrose agar.
- Treatment
- WSCe1
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum capsici B4Colletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial diameter developmente1
- Direction
- preventione1
- Value
- 0.8%e1
- Setting
- potato dextrose agar mediume1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in postharvest chili pepper”
e0“Experimental results proved that the development of Colletotrichum capsici B4 is extremely sensitive to water-soluble chitosan (WSC) and inhibitory effects increase with increasing concentrations of WSC”
e1“the entire prevention of conidial germination and mycelial diameter development are recognized in a potato dextrose agar medium containing 0.4% and 0.8% WSC, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
WSC more efficiently prevented mycelial development of C. capsici B4 in potato dextrose broth than on agar, at 0.32%.
- Treatment
- WSCe2
- Interactor
- C. capsici B4Colletotrichum truncatume2pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial developmente2
- Direction
- preventede2
- Value
- 0.32%e2
- Comparator
- potato dextrose agar mediume1
- Setting
- potato dextrose brothe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in postharvest chili pepper”
e1“the entire prevention of conidial germination and mycelial diameter development are recognized in a potato dextrose agar medium containing 0.4% and 0.8% WSC, respectively”
e2“WSC was more efficient in a potato dextrose broth where it absolutely prevented the mycelial development of C. capsici B4 at a concentration of 0.32%”
Claim · model-written summary
WSC treatments decreased disease prevalence and lesion diameter of anthracnose on chili pepper fruits in vivo.
- Taxon
- chilli peppere3
- Treatment
- WSC treatmentse3
- Outcome
- disease prevalence and the lesion diameter of anthracnose diseasee3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Setting
- in vivo experimentse3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“WSC treatments considerably decreased disease prevalence and the lesion diameter of anthracnose disease on chilli pepper fruits in the in vivo experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
C. capsici B4 infection increased defense-related enzyme activities (chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase) and total phenolic content in chili pepper peel.
- Organ / stage
- peele4
- Treatment
- C. capsici B4 infectione4
- Interactor
- C. capsici B4Colletotrichum truncatume4pathogen
- Outcome
- the activities of the key defense-related enzymes in peele4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- C. capsici B4 treatmente4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in postharvest chili pepper”
e4“the activities of the key defense-related enzymes in peel, consisting of chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and total phenolic content, were increased by both C. capsici B4 infection and C. capsici B4 treatment”
The same questions in other papers
chitosan · disease · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Colletotrichum truncatum · physiology: enzyme activity · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.