Abstract
Plants of six strawberry cultivars were raised under controlled conditions and tested for flowering and yield potential. Short days (SD) at intermediate temperatures for 4 weeks in August induced profuse flowering in subsequent long days (LD) in all cultivars except the late-flowering ‘Malwina’. LD conditions induced flowering only in ‘Nobel’, which has an everbearing parent. ‘Nobel’ and ‘Saga’ exhibited broad temperature adaptation for SD floral induction, which was generally reduced or suppressed at 9 and 27°C. After autumn planting, all cultivars flowered most abundantly in plants raised in SD and intermediate temperatures. Flowering was earliest in ‘Nobel’ and ‘Rumba’. Plants that did not reach floral commitment after 4 weeks in SD continued and completed induction under subsequent natural SD conditions after planting in the field, demonstrating the capability of fractional induction. Berry yield varied in parallel with flowering in the field and was always higher in plants raised under SD conditions. The traditional cultivars ‘Florence’ and ‘Sonata’ out-yielded the more recent cultivars. Some cultivars lost more than two thirds of their initiated flowers during the winter with obvious consequences for their yields. With proper raising management, acceptable yields were obtained after autumn planting even in a cool Nordic climate.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Four weeks of short days at intermediate temperature induced profuse subsequent flowering except in Malwina.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Short days (SD) at intermediate temperatures for 4 weeks in Auguste0
- Outcome
- profuse floweringe0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- except the late-flowering ‘Malwina’e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Short days (SD) at intermediate temperatures for 4 weeks in August induced profuse flowering in subsequent long days (LD) in all cultivars except the late-flowering ‘Malwina’.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Long days induced flowering only in Nobel.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- ‘Nobel’e0
- Treatment
- LD conditionse0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LD conditions induced flowering only in ‘Nobel’, which has an everbearing parent.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nobel showed broad temperature adaptation for short-day floral induction.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- ‘Nobel’e0
- Outcome
- broad temperature adaptation for SD floral inductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Nobel’ and ‘Saga’ exhibited broad temperature adaptation for SD floral induction, which was generally reduced or suppressed at 9 and 27°C.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Saga showed broad temperature adaptation for short-day floral induction.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- ‘Saga’e0
- Outcome
- broad temperature adaptation for SD floral inductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Nobel’ and ‘Saga’ exhibited broad temperature adaptation for SD floral induction, which was generally reduced or suppressed at 9 and 27°C.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Short-day floral induction was generally reduced or suppressed at 9 and 27°C.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- 9 and 27°Ce0
- Outcome
- SD floral inductione0
- Direction
- reduced or suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Nobel’ and ‘Saga’ exhibited broad temperature adaptation for SD floral induction, which was generally reduced or suppressed at 9 and 27°C.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
After autumn planting, flowering was greatest in plants raised under short days and intermediate temperatures.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- SD and intermediate temperaturese0
- Outcome
- flowerede0
- Direction
- most abundantlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After autumn planting, all cultivars flowered most abundantly in plants raised in SD and intermediate temperatures.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nobel and Rumba flowered earliest.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- Floweringe0
- Direction
- earlieste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flowering was earliest in ‘Nobel’ and ‘Rumba’.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants without floral commitment after four short-day weeks completed induction under subsequent natural short days.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- completed inductione0
- Qualifier
- after 4 weeks in SDe0
- Setting
- in the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants that did not reach floral commitment after 4 weeks in SD continued and completed induction under subsequent natural SD conditions after planting in the field, demonstrating the capability of fractional induction.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Field berry yield varied in parallel with flowering.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- Berry yielde0
- Setting
- in the fielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Berry yield varied in parallel with flowering in the field and was always higher in plants raised under SD conditions.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Short-day raising increased berry yield.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- SD conditionse0
- Outcome
- Berry yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Berry yield varied in parallel with flowering in the field and was always higher in plants raised under SD conditions.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Florence out-yielded recent cultivars.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- ‘Florence’e0
- Outcome
- out-yieldede0
- Direction
- out-yieldede0
- Comparator
- the more recent cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The traditional cultivars ‘Florence’ and ‘Sonata’ out-yielded the more recent cultivars.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sonata out-yielded recent cultivars.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- ‘Sonata’e0
- Outcome
- out-yieldede0
- Direction
- out-yieldede0
- Comparator
- the more recent cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The traditional cultivars ‘Florence’ and ‘Sonata’ out-yielded the more recent cultivars.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Some cultivars lost over two thirds of initiated flowers during winter, affecting yield.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- initiated flowerse0
- Direction
- loste0
- Value
- more than two thirdse0
- Qualifier
- during the wintere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some cultivars lost more than two thirds of their initiated flowers during the winter with obvious consequences for their yields.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proper raising management yielded acceptable harvests after autumn planting in a cool Nordic climate.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- acceptable yieldse0
- Qualifier
- after autumn planting even in a cool Nordic climatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With proper raising management, acceptable yields were obtained after autumn planting even in a cool Nordic climate.”
t0“strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa)”
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