Abstract
A trial evaluating the use of municipal biosolids application in 1996 resulted in stunted transplants, delayed fruit set, season-long reduction in plant vigor, and reduced yield of `Mt. Pride' tomatoes. Hypotheses for these effects include nitrogen (N) immobilization, increased salinity, and acetic acid phytotoxicity. Subsequently, a trial was initiated in 1997 at The Univ. of Tennessee Plateau Experiment Station near Crossville to evaluate the effect of timing of biosolid application on `Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth and fruit yield. Treatments included an inorganic control consisting of 134, 67, and 67 kg·ha -1 N, P 2 O 5 , and K 2 O, respectively and a municipal biosolid at a rate of 168 kg·ha -1 N applied at transplanting, 2 months prior to transplanting, or 3 months prior to transplanting. The rationale for these treatments is that time would allow for mineralization of N and leaching of salts and/or acetic acid. Stunting of transplants was observed in all treatments receiving applications of municipal biosolids, with the degree of stunting increasing as length of delay decreased. Marketable and total yields were not influenced by treatment. Municipal biosolids applied at transplanting resulted in the greatest fruiting delays and increased the amount of blossom end rot observed. Plants receiving inorganic fertilization produced the highest percentage of cracked and rotten fruit. Recommendations for municipal biosolid use include applying a rate based on N in the fall prior to production or applying a rate based on phosphorus with supplemental inorganic N in the spring.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The 1996 biosolids trial produced stunted Mt. Pride transplants.
- Taxon
- tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Material
- `Mt. Pride'e1
- Treatment
- municipal biosolids applicatione0
- Outcome
- stunted transplantse0
- Direction
- stuntede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“municipal biosolids application in 1996 resulted in stunted transplants”
e1“`Mt. Pride' tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1996 biosolids trial delayed fruit set in Mt. Pride.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Pride'e1
- Treatment
- municipal biosolids applicatione0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“municipal biosolids application in 1996 resulted in stunted transplants, delayed fruit set”
e1“`Mt. Pride' tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1996 biosolids trial reduced Mt. Pride plant vigor throughout the season.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Pride'e1
- Treatment
- municipal biosolids applicatione0
- Outcome
- plant vigore0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- season-longe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“municipal biosolids application in 1996 resulted in stunted transplants, delayed fruit set, season-long reduction in plant vigor”
e1“`Mt. Pride' tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1996 biosolids trial reduced Mt. Pride yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- `Mt. Pride'e0
- Treatment
- municipal biosolids applicatione1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced yield of `Mt. Pride' tomatoes”
e1“municipal biosolids application in 1996”
Claim · model-written summary
All 1997 municipal biosolid treatments stunted Mt. Fresh transplants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Fresh'e1
- Treatment
- applications of municipal biosolidse0
- Outcome
- Stunting of transplantse0
- Direction
- Stuntinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stunting of transplants was observed in all treatments receiving applications of municipal biosolids”
e1“`Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplant stunting increased as the delay after biosolid application decreased.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Material
- `Mt. Fresh'e2
- Treatment
- applications of municipal biosolidse1
- Outcome
- degree of stuntinge0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- length of delay decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the degree of stunting increasing as length of delay decreased”
e1“applications of municipal biosolids”
e2“`Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable and total yields were not influenced by treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Fresh'e1
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- Marketable and total yieldse0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Marketable and total yields were not influenced by treatment”
e1“`Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Biosolids applied at transplanting caused the greatest fruiting delays.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Fresh'e1
- Treatment
- Municipal biosolids applied at transplantinge0
- Outcome
- fruiting delayse0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Municipal biosolids applied at transplanting resulted in the greatest fruiting delays”
e1“`Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Biosolids applied at transplanting increased blossom end rot.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Fresh'e1
- Treatment
- Municipal biosolids applied at transplantinge0
- Outcome
- blossom end rote0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Municipal biosolids applied at transplanting resulted in the greatest fruiting delays and increased the amount of blossom end rot observed”
e1“`Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic fertilization produced the highest percentage of cracked and rotten fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- `Mt. Fresh'e1
- Treatment
- inorganic fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- percentage of cracked and rotten fruite0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants receiving inorganic fertilization produced the highest percentage of cracked and rotten fruit”
e1“`Mt. Fresh' tomato plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend applying N-based biosolids in fall or P-based biosolids with supplemental spring N.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- applying a rate based on N in the fall prior to production or applying a rate based on phosphorus with supplemental inorganic N in the springe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recommendations for municipal biosolid use include applying a rate based on N in the fall prior to production or applying a rate based on phosphorus with supplemental inorganic N in the spring”
t0“Tomatoes”
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See all 26 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.