Paper · 2017 · EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS)

The effects of CaCl2 on fruit yield, quality and nutrient contents of tomato under NaCl stress conditions

Ahmet Korkmaz; Arife Karagöl; Güney Akınoğlu

18
claims
36
verbatim quotes
4
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-sa

Abstract

In this study, the effects of CaCl2 on fruit yield, quality Ca/Na and K/Na ratios and Na content of tomato leaves under NaCl stress conditions were determined. The doses of 0, 6.8 and 16.8 mM CaCl2 were combined with the doses of 0, 44.4, 70.4 mM NaCl in complete nutrient solution. General, NaCl and CaCl2 decreased fruit yield, NaCl decreased stem amount, whereas it increased at 6.8 mM CaCl2. CaCl2 decreased fruit yield without NaCl, but it increased fruit yield significantly at 44.4 mM dose and caused tolerance to NaCl. The 6.8 mM dose of CaCl2 increased stem amount without NaCl. However, CaCl2 did not cause tolerance at high doses of NaCl in terms of growth. CaCl2 decreased brix of fruit, while NaCl increased it. CaCl2 increased brix without NaCl, but decreased it at 44.4 and 70.4 mM NaCl. CaCl2 and NaCl decreased fruit juice pH significantly. Besides, CaCl2 decreased fruit juice pH at 0 and 44.4 mM of NaCl. The number of fruits which were found to have blossom-end rot (NFBER) did not change without NaCl with the influence of CaCl2. However, CaCl2 applied at high doses of NaCl decreased the NFBER and provided tolerance to NaCl. Increasing dose of NaCl increased significantly the Na content in leaves, but the addition CaCl2 decreased significantly the Na content in leaves. Increasing the dose of CaCl2 applications at 0 and 44.4 mM NaCl levels increased the Ca/Na ratio in tomato leaves. But, the effect of CaCl2 on Ca/Na ratio of leaves was statistically insignificant. The addition of NaCl into the solution nutrient decreased the Ca/Na and K/Na ratios in tomato leaves. The effect of CaCl2 on the K/Na ratio of leaves was not found significant.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-sa. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 18

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl reduced tomato fruit yield.

Treatment
NaCle0
Outcome
fruit yielde0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“NaCl and CaCl2 decreased fruit yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 292–328 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 reduced fruit yield without NaCl but increased it significantly at 44.4 mM NaCl.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
fruit yielde0
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
without NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 decreased fruit yield without NaCl, but it increased fruit yield significantly at 44.4 mM dose”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 396–496 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

At 44.4 mM NaCl, CaCl2 significantly increased fruit yield.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
fruit yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
44.4 mM dosee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 decreased fruit yield without NaCl, but it increased fruit yield significantly at 44.4 mM dose”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 396–496 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl reduced stem amount.

Treatment
NaCle0
Outcome
stem amounte0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“NaCl decreased stem amount”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 330–356 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 6.8 mM, CaCl2 increased stem amount without NaCl.

Treatment
6.8 mM dose of CaCl2e0
Outcome
stem amounte0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
without NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The 6.8 mM dose of CaCl2 increased stem amount without NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 527–586 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 did not provide growth tolerance at high NaCl doses.

Outcome
tolerance at high doses of NaCl in terms of growthe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 did not cause tolerance at high doses of NaCl in terms of growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 597–667 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl increased fruit brix.

Treatment
NaCle0
Outcome
brix of fruite1
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“NaCl increased it”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 706–723 · show in text ↑
e1

“brix of fruit”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 685–698 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 increased brix without NaCl.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
brixe0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
without NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 increased brix without NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 725–758 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 decreased brix at 44.4 and 70.4 mM NaCl.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
brixe0
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
44.4 and 70.4 mM NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 increased brix without NaCl, but decreased it at 44.4 and 70.4 mM NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 725–801 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 and NaCl each reduced fruit juice pH significantly.

Treatment
CaCl2 and NaCle0
Outcome
fruit juice pHe0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 and NaCl decreased fruit juice pH significantly”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–856 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 reduced fruit juice pH at zero and 44.4 mM NaCl.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
fruit juice pHe0
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
0 and 44.4 mM of NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 decreased fruit juice pH at 0 and 44.4 mM of NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 867–922 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 did not change blossom-end rot fruit counts without NaCl.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
number of fruits which were found to have blossom-end rote0
Direction
did not changee0
Qualifier
without NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The number of fruits which were found to have blossom-end rot (NFBER) did not change without NaCl with the influence of CaCl2”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 924–1049 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At high NaCl doses, CaCl2 reduced blossom-end rot fruit counts.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
number of fruits which were found to have blossom-end rote1
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
high doses of NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CaCl2 applied at high doses of NaCl decreased the NFBER”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1060–1115 · show in text ↑
e1

“number of fruits which were found to have blossom-end rot (NFBER)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 928–993 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing NaCl dose significantly increased leaf sodium content.

Treatment
NaCle0
Outcome
Na content in leavese0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Increasing dose of NaCl increased significantly the Na content in leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1148–1220 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding CaCl2 significantly reduced leaf sodium content.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
Na content in leavese0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“addition CaCl2 decreased significantly the Na content in leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1230–1293 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivenot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing CaCl2 dose raised the leaf Ca/Na ratio at zero and 44.4 mM NaCl, without statistical significance.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
Ca/Na ratio in tomato leavese0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
0 and 44.4 mM NaCl levelse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Increasing the dose of CaCl2 applications at 0 and 44.4 mM NaCl levels increased the Ca/Na ratio in tomato leaves. But, the effect of CaCl2 on Ca/Na ratio of leaves was statistically insignificant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1295–1491 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl reduced the leaf Ca/Na and K/Na ratios.

Treatment
NaCle0
Outcome
Ca/Na and K/Na ratios in tomato leavese0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“addition of NaCl into the solution nutrient decreased the Ca/Na and K/Na ratios in tomato leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1497–1593 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

CaCl2 had no statistically significant effect on the leaf K/Na ratio.

Treatment
CaCl2e0
Outcome
K/Na ratio of leavese0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“effect of CaCl2 on the K/Na ratio of leaves was not found significant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1599–1668 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–76 · show in text ↑

calcium chloride dihydrate · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

27 papers: 25 positive, 2 negative or no effect

24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. positive

23 papers more in this group

See all 27 papers →

sodium chloride · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

48 papers: 8 positive, 40 negative or no effect

39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

44 papers more in this group

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calcium chloride dihydrate · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 8 positive, 1 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

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calcium chloride dihydrate · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 9 positive, 1 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

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sodium chloride · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

18 papers: 17 positive, 1 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

14 papers more in this group

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sodium chloride · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

18 papers: 2 positive, 16 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

14 papers more in this group

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calcium chloride dihydrate · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.