Abstract
Flesh browning has been a long-term problem during controlled atmosphere (CA) storage of many apple cultivars, including 'Empire'. This cultivar is susceptible to chilling injury, expressed as firm flesh browning, at storage temperatures close to 0°C and current recommendations are 1-2°C. In this study we have used 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP) as a tool to investigate the role of ethylene in browning development. Inhibition of ethylene production by the fruit was associated with higher browning incidence at 3°C compared with 0.5°C. Browning of the flesh was greater at the stem end than at the calyx end of the fruit. No major differences in total phenolic concentrations were detected between untreated and 1-MCP treated apples at either storage temperature. Peroxidase (POX) activity was higher at 3°C than at 0°C, but not affected by 1-MCP treatment. However, involvement of polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity in browning development was suggested by higher activity in flesh tissues of 1-MCP treated compared with untreated fruit at both storage temperatures. Postharvest treatments such as delayed CA, which decreased browning in untreated fruit, had no effect on browning in 1-MCP treated fruit. Overall, our results indicated inhibition of ethylene production in the fruit is associated with higher browning incidence at warmer storage temperatures and that effective postharvest treatments to decrease injury are difficult to identify.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene inhibition was associated with higher apple browning incidence at 3°C than at 0.5°C.
- Taxon
- APPLE
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Inhibition of ethylene productione0
- Outcome
- browning incidencee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 0.5°Ce0
- Setting
- 3°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inhibition of ethylene production by the fruit was associated with higher browning incidence at 3°C compared with 0.5°C.”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple flesh browning was greater at the stem end than the calyx end.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- stem ende0
- Outcome
- Browning of the fleshe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- calyx ende0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Browning of the flesh was greater at the stem end than at the calyx end of the fruit.”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolics did not differ markedly between untreated and 1-MCP-treated apples at either storage temperature.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 1-MCP treatede0
- Outcome
- total phenolic concentrationse0
- Direction
- No major differencese0
- Qualifier
- at either storage temperaturee0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No major differences in total phenolic concentrations were detected between untreated and 1-MCP treated apples at either storage temperature.”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple peroxidase activity was higher at 3°C than at 0°C.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- Peroxidase (POX)e0
- Outcome
- Peroxidase (POX) activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 0°Ce0
- Setting
- 3°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peroxidase (POX) activity was higher at 3°C than at 0°C, but not affected by 1-MCP treatment.”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP treatment did not affect apple peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 1-MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- Peroxidase (POX) activitye0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peroxidase (POX) activity was higher at 3°C than at 0°C, but not affected by 1-MCP treatment.”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple PPO activity was higher in flesh tissues of 1-MCP-treated fruit at both temperatures.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- flesh tissuese0
- Treatment
- 1-MCP treatede0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at both storage temperaturese0
- Comparator
- untreated fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher activity in flesh tissues of 1-MCP treated compared with untreated fruit at both storage temperatures.”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed controlled-atmosphere treatment decreased browning in untreated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- delayed CAe0
- Outcome
- browninge0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- untreated fruite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Postharvest treatments such as delayed CA, which decreased browning in untreated fruit”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed controlled-atmosphere treatment had no effect on browning in 1-MCP-treated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- delayed CAe1
- Outcome
- browninge0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- 1-MCP treated fruite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“had no effect on browning in 1-MCP treated fruit.”
t0“APPLE”
e1“Postharvest treatments such as delayed CA”
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See all 64 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.