Abstract
Meeting the increasing food and energy demands of a growing population will require the development of ground-breaking strategies that promote sustainable plant production. Host-induced gene silencing has shown great potential for controlling pest and diseases in crop plants. However, while delivery of inhibitory noncoding double-stranded (ds)RNA by transgenic expression is a promising concept, it requires the generation of transgenic crop plants which may cause substantial delay for application strategies depending on the transformability and genetic stability of the crop plant species. Using the agronomically important barley-Fusarium graminearum pathosystem, we alternatively demonstrate that a spray application of a long noncoding dsRNA (791 nt CYP3-dsRNA), which targets the three fungal cytochrome P450 lanosterol C-14α-demethylases, required for biosynthesis of fungal ergosterol, inhibits fungal growth in the directly sprayed (local) as well as the non-sprayed (distal) parts of detached leaves. Unexpectedly, efficient spray-induced control of fungal infections in the distal tissue involved passage of CYP3-dsRNA via the plant vascular system and processing into small interfering (si)RNAs by fungal DICER-LIKE 1 (FgDCL-1) after uptake by the pathogen. We discuss important consequences of this new finding on future RNA-based disease control strategies. Given the ease of design, high specificity, and applicability to diverse pathogens, the use of target-specific dsRNA as an anti-fungal agent offers unprecedented potential as a new plant protection strategy.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
CYP3-dsRNA spray inhibited fungal growth in directly sprayed barley leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Organ / stage
- detached leavese0
- Treatment
- a spray application of a long noncoding dsRNA (791 nt CYP3-dsRNA)e0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0pathogen - Outcome
- fungal growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Using the agronomically important barley-Fusarium graminearum pathosystem, we alternatively demonstrate that a spray application of a long noncoding dsRNA (791 nt CYP3-dsRNA), which targets the three fungal cytochrome P450 lanosterol C-14α-demethylases, required for biosynthesis of fungal ergosterol, inhibits fungal growth in the directly sprayed (local) as well as the non-sprayed (distal) parts of detached leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
CYP3-dsRNA spray inhibited fungal growth in distal nonsprayed barley leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- a spray application of a long noncoding dsRNA (791 nt CYP3-dsRNA)e0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- fungal growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Qualifier
- non-sprayed (distal) partse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using the agronomically important barley-Fusarium graminearum pathosystem, we alternatively demonstrate that a spray application of a long noncoding dsRNA (791 nt CYP3-dsRNA), which targets the three fungal cytochrome P450 lanosterol C-14α-demethylases, required for biosynthesis of fungal ergosterol, inhibits fungal growth in the directly sprayed (local) as well as the non-sprayed (distal) parts of detached leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Distal fungal control involved movement of CYP3-dsRNA through the barley vascular system.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- control of fungal infections in the distal tissuee0
- Qualifier
- passage of CYP3-dsRNA via the plant vascular systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efficient spray-induced control of fungal infections in the distal tissue involved passage of CYP3-dsRNA via the plant vascular system”
e1“barley-Fusarium graminearum pathosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal FgDCL-1 processed CYP3-dsRNA into siRNAs after pathogen uptake.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Gene
- fungal DICER-LIKE 1 (FgDCL-1)e0
- Outcome
- processing into small interfering (si)RNAse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“barley-Fusarium graminearum pathosystem”
e0“processing into small interfering (si)RNAs by fungal DICER-LIKE 1 (FgDCL-1) after uptake by the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose target-specific dsRNA as a plant protection strategy.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- the use of target-specific dsRNA as an anti-fungal agente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“barley-Fusarium graminearum pathosystem”
e0“the use of target-specific dsRNA as an anti-fungal agent offers unprecedented potential as a new plant protection strategy”
The same questions in other papers
double-stranded RNA · Fusarium graminearum · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · Fusarium graminearum · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.